Synthesis Of Maleic Monoamide Polymerizable Emulsifier And Its Application In Acrylic Emulsion Polymerization

The aim of this research is developing a novel maleic monoamidepolymerizable surfactant with good emulsification and polymerizationproperties in this paper.The polymerizable surfactant of sodium maleic hemidodecylamide propyl-sulfonate(PE) was synthesized in three-steps. The process started from ringopening of maleic anhydrate by dodecylamine with the catalyst DMAP, andneutralized of it by sodium hydroxide, then ended with sulfonation byusingl, 3-propane sultone. The optimal process conditions were found out fromthe orthogonal test data was as follows: at 65℃for 4h under ethanol with a1:1.1 mole ratio between sodium maleic acid monododecylamide and1, 3-propane sultone and the yield can be reach to 79.28％. The structure wasconfirmed by IR spectrum. Surface activity and the emulsification properties ofthe product were tested. The results showed that this surfactant has excellent surface activity. The lowest surface tension is 31.16mN.m^-1 and CMC is4.2×10^-4mol.L^-1. It also displays good emulsifying power.The maleic monoamide polymerizable surfactant was used alone to preparesoap-free acrylic emulsion. The influence of the amount of emulsifier and solidcontent on properties of acrylic emulsion were researched. The water resistanceand electrolyte stability were also investigated. The results showed that whenthe amount of surfactant is 1.5%, a soap-free acrylic emulsion was prepared.And compared with emulsion polymerization using SDS, the water resistance offilm and electrolyte resistance were remarkably improved. The particle size ofacrylic emulsion synthesized is about 80nm.The acrylic microemulsion has been prepared by using of PE and OP-10under semi-continuous seed emulsion polymerization. The effects of the amountand ratios of mixed surfactants, reactive temperature, and the amount of initiatoron microemulsion copolymerization were investigated. The products werecharacterized by FT-IR, TEM, DSC and particle size analyzer. The resultsshowed that: when the amount of total surfactants are 1.5-1.8%, the ratio ofm(PE): m(OP-10) is 2:1, the amount of initiator is 0.3-0.5%, the particle size ofacrylic emulsion synthesized is 50-70nm and has strong water resistance.