The Management Strategies And Environment Problems Of Highway Construction Related To Nature Reserve

In recent years, with the high-speed development of social economy and traffic construction in China, the construction of highway related to nature reserve is increasing steadily. A number of national important highway construction conflicts with the nature reserve perpetually. Thereby, the contradiction between the regional social economy development and the biodiversity conservation is becoming more and more serious, which should rouse broad attention. This paper focused on the environment problems and strategies of highway construction related to nature reserve by the way of field investigation and information studying. The study will help to mitigate the adverse effects of highway construction on the environment of nature reserve, reconcile the contradiction between the nature reserve and highway construction, minimize the influence of highway construction on nature reserve, maintain biodiversity, and make the construction of highway and nature reserve reach the purpose of sustainable development, which has a realistic significance for the promotion of reconciliation between the construction of highway and the benefits of society, economy, and environment. The main results of the research are as follows:First, based on the derivation of present results of research home and abroad, reviewing the practical experience of existing highway environmental protection, systematic analysis and statement about the present status and problems in existence related to highway construction in nature reserve were carried out.Second, the influence of highway construction on environment was analyzed comprehensively, including influence on species and ecosystem in nature reserve, landscape and environmental aesthetics, soil and water erosion, environment pollution etc. At the same time, measures of maximally reducing the influence of highway construction on environment in nature reserve were proposed from the following three aspects: engineering safeguard, biology protection, environment management strategies, so that sustainable development between the highway construction and the nature reserve could be achieved.Third, by field investigation, the eco-environmental influence of Pukai Highway on National Natural Reserve of Wetland Bird, located at Old Yellow River Course, Northern Henan Province was analyzed. By adjusting function sub-area of every nature reserve and making corresponding measures of compensation and protection, influence of highway construction project on nature reserve could be reduced.Fourth, it is pointed out that Improved Analytical Hierarchy Process (IAHP) is suitable to comprehensive assessment of environmental impacts of highway construction related to nature reserve. A model of comprehensive assessment of environmental influence related to highway construction in nature reserve is presented and applied to a practical example to show its applicability. The result of this study has significant reference related to the eco-environmental assessment and ecologic protection of highway construction in nature reserve in our country.At last, a suit of measures related to management of highway construction in nature reserve were summarized. At the present, problems of highway construction in nature reserve included that the relevant statute is distempered, the environment influence assessment is uncritical, environment management and surveillance is inadequate, the public participation is insufficient, the system of environmental impact post-assessment and ecological compensation is incomplete. Aiming at these existing problems,six items of strategies were put forward, which include intensifying legislation, standardizing EIA, reinforcing environmental supervision, establishing the system of environmental impact post-assessment and ecological compensation, setting up credible investigating mechanism and ecological compensation mechanism, and enhancing public participation, so that the negative effect of highway construction project on eco-environment in nature reserve could be reduced to minimum, and the economic, social, environmental benefits of highway construction projects could be brought into play maximally.