Study On Ecological Quality Assessment Of Forest Nature Reserve

Nature reserves have been playing important roles in maintaining the balance of regional ecology, improving the eco-environment quality, protecting the historical sites, and promoting the scientific research nowadays. By the end of2012,2669nature reserves have been set up in China, and the total area of these nature reserves is about1.498million square kilometers, accounting for14.94%of total national territorial area. The number of forest ecosystem types of nature reserves is about1397, accounting for52.3%of the total number of nature reserves and covering0.306million square kilometers.With the rapid development of socio-economic and the rapid growth of population, the increasing pressure of human activities on forest ecosystems growing, seriously influence the healthy and sustainable development of forest ecosystems. Establishment of forest nature reserve is considered as an effective approach to protect the forest ecosystems for many experts, manager, and the public. With the high rapid development of natural reserves, how to scientifically evaluate the current and the protection effect of natural reserves is of essential to promote their further development in future. Therefore, the scientific evaluation of ecological quality of natural reserves can not only provide a theoretical basis for the forest-based environmental protection and management of nature reserve, also promote the transition from the rapid growth of quantity to quality.In this paper, we first summarized the basis of the current nature reserve on the ecological evaluation theory and practice, combined with the theory of forest ecosystems, biodiversity theory, and landscape ecology theory. On the basis of principal theory, we built the quality evaluation system and analysed the key evaluation indices, which included diversity, naturalness, representativeness, rarity, suitability and disturbance. We selected two methods, e.g. the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Fuzzy Comprehensive Method to evaluate the ecological quality of natural reserves. We chose Dinghushan nature reserve as an empirical study of the evaluation system. Judgment matrix method was first used to determine the weight of each index weighting coefficient of protected areas. Query data and expert consultation were used to determine the degree of membership to the target evaluation. And then we conducted a specific evaluation on Dinghushan nature reserve with these methods. The results showed that, basing on the principle of maximum membership degree, the comprehensive evaluation of ecological quality of Dinghushan nature reserve was about0.4384, which indicated that the ecological quality of Dinghushan nature reserve is good and belong to the second lever. The evaluation results were consistent with the actual situation. And combined the results of the evaluation, evaluation system and evaluation method were analyzed and discussed. On the basis of the evaluation results and forest ecological restoration theory, we pointed out that the main environmental problems of Dinghushan nature reserve, and gave the corresponding ecological restoration and management measures.