Kalman Filter-Spectrophotometry Simultaneously Analyze Trace Cu～(2+), Cd～(2+) And Zn～(2+) In Surface Water From Three-Gorge Valley In Chongqing City

Three-Gorge Project is the most grand hydrodynamic hinge project in the world. It contains the function of preventing floods, generating electricity and shipping. After storing up the water, the hydrology circumstance of Three Gorge Valley changes greatly. The velocity of flow slows down, the purifying ability of water declines and the pollutant can stay in water longer than before. Moreover, it will form vast Fluctuating Band Along Riversides. Under long-term corrosion of the river, many kinds of heavy metal ions will be released from the soil. Because of developing of Chongqing, the waste water and solid which contain a great of heavy metal ions will be released more and more. Ultimately, it will impact the environment of Three Gorge Valley and bring giant environment pressure. According to reports, the water quality of many parts of Three Gorge Valley appearsⅣorⅤwater quality in parts of season since Three Gorge Project stores water.The heavy metal ion is hard to be decompounded by environment, and it is easy to be taken into food chain by plant and animal. Eventually, it will be concentrated in the human body and affect human health enormously. So it is essential to research a set of determination method of heavy metal ion to understand the water quality of Three Gorge Valley, evaluate water environment accurately and control the elimination of pollutant reasonably. Finally, we can keep the water quality of Three Gorge Valley at a high level.The time of researching simultaneous spectrophotometric determination is a short time. Because of its benefit, it has a superiorly developing and practicing value. Speaking of water quality of Three Gorge Valley, it is exigent to intensify the water quality monitor and speed up modernization of determination system. Without enough modern determination instrument and advanced message management system, we can not understand the water quality instantly and precisely. And it is hard to control pollutant reasonably and promptly. If we want to control water pollution effectively and logically, a water determination system is the first step. And using a rational simultaneous spectrophotometric determination method is development orientation of environment determination. Not only we can understand the distribution of heavy metal ion veraciously and control the pollutant elimination, but also we can improve the determination speed, shorten the determination time, economize a lot of manpower, material resources and financing. Eventually, we can provid credible data to sustain ecological environment development in Three Gorge Valley and keep harmonious between human and nature.1-(2-Pyridine azo)-2-naphthol(PAN) is one of color reagent to determine the concentration of many trace metal ions. The analyzing conditions of PAN chelating reaction with three metal ions such as Cu2+, Cd2+ and Zn2+, the spectral properties at maximum absorption wavelength of these chelate compounds, pH effect and reaction time and so on have been studied. Combining with Kalman filter algorithm and spectrophotometric determining simultaneously on-line technology the water samples containing the three metal ion compounds chelated with PAN from our laboratory, Yangtze Rive and Jialing River have been analyzed quantitatively under optimal analysis condition, and the recovery is between 90.2～106% to samples of laboratory. The analysis results to real samples from Yangtze Rive and Jialing River by the Kalman filtering algorithm compared with the corresponding pollution data from the governmental water quality monitoring sites at same sampling sites have well consistency so that the method could be directly, conveniently used for monitoring quantificationally real samples containing multi metal ions in various surface water of rivers simultaneously.