Synthesis And Properties Of Zinc Selenide Semiconductor Nanomaterials By Hydro/Solvolthermal Process

Low-dimensional nanomaterials with unique electrical, optical and mechanical properties have aroused worldwide interest. How to achieve the effective control over the shape of nanoparticles is one of the difficult problems perplexing the scientists. Nowadays, various approachs to the preparation of semiconductor nanomaterials have been developed. Although the approachs to the preparation of semiconductor nanomaterials have been developed greatly, most of the former methods of preparation require strict conditions and expensive equipments. Seeking reasonable synthetic methods and making the shape control of the nanoparticles have become one of research hot spots in nanotechnology and multi-disciplinary overlapping domain. Hydrothermal technique has become a commonly used method of generating nanostructures because of its simple equipment and easy operation.In this thesis, several nanostructures have been synthesized via hydro-/solvothermal routes. The as-obtained product was investigated by X-ray diffractometer(XRD), scanning electron microscopy(SEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM), X-ray spectrometer and ultraviolet-visible spectrum. The main contents are as follows:1. Hydrothermal Sythesis and Characterization of ZnSe Nanospheres.Nanospheres of Zinc Selenide(ZnSe) have been synthesized by hydrothermal method using hydrazine hydrate as reductant and oleic acid as surfactant. The results show that the diameter of nanosphere is about 20 nm, and it has obviously blue shif compared with the conventional bulk material zinc selenium, which indicate that the synthesis of zinc selenide nanoparticles has excellent optical properties. The influence of PH value (the amount by adding NaOH), hydrothermal reaction temperature and reactive time on the as-obtained ZnSe nanomaterials' morphology, size and optical properties are also been studied.2. Solvothermal Synthesis Different Morphologies Zinc Selenide Semiconductor Materials. Zinc Selenide hexagonal flakes and hexagonal prism have been synthesized by solvothermal method using ethylenediamine as solvent. The results show that the surface of the hexagonal flakes are smooth and angular is clear, the products have the excellent optical properties; and they have full growth of the prism and symmetrical structure. Unidorm and well-dispersed Zinc Selenide nanorods have been successfully synthesized by solvothermal method using diethanolamine as solvent, the structure is simple, the size is homogeneous. The analysis indicate that the monomer structure, ligand strength and the strength of used bond of the solvens will have significant influence on the products of the morphology and size. And the further discussion on the influence of the coordinate between solvents and the metallic ion function as well as the reaction temperature and the reaction time on the obtained product morphology have also been made in this paper.