Study On Ecological Environmental Current Status Assessment Of Jilin Province Western Region

Environment and development has become a big common problem in the society at present. A good ecological environment is the basic condition for the existence and development of human being's society, it impacts not only the industrial and agricultural development but also the quality of our life directly, and then restricts the development of the society economy. Protecting and building the ecological environment to carry out the continued development tactic is one of the basic strategies which we should insist in for our modern construction in our country. However, as the science and technology is developing constantly and also because of the high speed of the world economy development, the destruction and the impact to the ecosystem from activity of human being's production and their life styles is reinforcing day by day. While we are enjoying the abundant material and spirit life we also sacrifice our delicate ecological environment, resource consumption and waste, the destruction and extinction of species and the environment pollution have harmed the ecological environment at lot, so it becomes the most important mission to enhance the construction and protection for the ecological environment.The ecological environment problems which china is facing now are shown as:Soil erosion is becoming increasingly serious.Desert is continuing to expand.Large areas of forest are cut down.Grassland deterioration, desertification and alkalization are getting more serious.Variety of species has been damaged.The release of hazardous substance has damaged all kinds of environment pollution seriously.We must analyze and estimate from the quality and quantity rationally in order to improve the ecological environment anality. Although at present there are a lot of methods and standards to estimate the ecological environment, every method or standard only has one point to some special place or area, such as the estimation of the ecological environment on the lake and the protection. Since the ecological environment is a intricate system, so the estimation of the ecological environment is a kind of catchall science. We should adopt some method in order to estimate the ecological environment. Therefore it's very important to research the method about the ecological environment estimation. Although these years there are a lot of methods are used in our daily life, none of them is perfect enough. Besides the books about ecological environment estimation also just only give an general introduction. Even though we've created and tried several estimation methods in the reality but because the time to bring these methods to the practice is not long in our country, thus the ecological environment method is still in the exploration and development period without a skillful and an unified standard way, as well as the potential and a complicated ecological environment, these methods cant be used so well. The method of the estimation include the graphics overlay, landscape ecology, systems analysis, biological productivity estimation, the index estimation, regression analysis and the ecological analysis. Based on the analysis of the ecological environment at home and abroad, according to"the technical enachment of the ecological environment estimation", this paper researched the method of the ecological environment estimation including the selection and construction of the standard system, which divided the ecological environment in to several classifications.The first index of the index system is the ecological environment index. The second one is the biological abundance index, vegetation coverage index, water density index the index of land degradation and environment quality index. When we chose the importance, the biological abundance index, vegetation coverage index, water density index the index of land degradation and environment quality index will adopt the index from"the technical of the ecological enachment of the ecological environment estimation". While the target set in the weight of biological abundance index, vegetation coverage index will adjust according to the special area and different statistical, all the indexes in this paper chose the data from China environment monitor institution. Because the estimation strides across a lot of areas, the estimation scope is divided into several areas under control. Meanwhile every ecological environment in these areas will be calculated by the weighted mean method to get the index. In order to compare the differences from different areas which make us to understand clearly the situation about the ecological environment in the different places.This essay provides a simple, reasonable and practical quantitative analysis on the current condition of the ecological environment, which is first for the evaluation on the regional ecological environment that beyond the country level. It can help us to understand the region ecological environment thoroughly and can provide reference on the environment analysis.The essay takes west region of JiLin and other two adjacent pares'evaluation on the quality of the environment as the example. The western part that have been chosen includes Baicheng City district, SongYuan district, ChangChun district and SiPing district. The two reference region include some part of JiLin province, and LiaoYuan district. In this way, we can understand the ecological environment of western part of JiLin by this comparision. The results of analysis are as follows: (1)The result for"good"level: JiLin district and LiaoYuan district. The EI value is in the scope of 55₇5, which indicates the high rate of vegetation cover, and the diversity in the main ecosystem that's fit for human being to survive.(2) The result for'common'level: Changchun district and Siping district. The EI value is in the scope of 35-55, which indicates the rate of vegetation cover and ecosystem that is fit for human being to survive, but not for the appearance of the restricted matter.(3)The result for'inferior'level: white city district and Songyuan district. The EI value is in the scope of 20-35, which indicates the inferior rate of vegetation cover, serve of species that form some facts which may restrict the survival of human bejing.Further, save western region and consult the area ecological environment to Jilin status each exponents in exponent carries out analysis:1 living things abundance exponent aspect , the exponent of ecological environment situation is that relatively poor area and the same area are less than the paddy field area , depend on an upland field to be that the farmland type, and it has large amount of sands , saline and alkaline land , bare land mainly.2 vegetations cover exponent aspect, the exponent of ecological environment situation is that relatively poor area and the same area are mainer than forest land is an opening , while the grassplot mainly includes middle coverage degree grassplot and low coverage degree grassplot.3 land degeneration exponents aspect, ecological environment situation corrodes than the relatively poor area and the same area of exponent making light of degree , middle degree corrodes , serious degree corrodes area without exception comparatively highly.4 network of rivers density exponents aspect, ecological environment situation exists the obvious gap in main water resource of the relatively poor area and the same exponent area ratio amounts.5 environmental quality exponents aspect , ecological environment situation that the exponent berween relatively poor area and the same area, where are no obvious differences.Through the exponent analysis is one by one it can be seen by all above, in ecological environment current situation, water resource is acting as important role, the large amount of sands , saline and alkaline land , bare land appearing, graveness having led to water resource is deficient .The land degeneration is the water resource running off but have aggravated, Western region ecological environment situation in Jilin province the exponent is that relatively poor area and the same area are bigger than water resource amounts gaps. It can show the short of water is a key factor of the western region ecological environment in Jilin province from the other side.This paper gets the EI index in the 35-55 range through the weighted average math. The ecological environment situation is in the common level. Comparing the index of the whole west of Jilin with the index of every district of Jilin, we can find that there is an obvious change in the west of Jilin from east to west. Although the whole ecological environment situation is in the common level in the west of Jilin, there still have some worse areas. We should assess the ecological environment situation of the west of Jilin according to different districts. Then we can know about the difference between the ecological environment status quo of the west of Jilin and the various districts. That can provide a basis for further environmental protection.To sum up, the ecological environment status quo of the west of Jilin is growing worse from east to west. This shows that the water resources are short; the land degradation is more serious; the species are reducing; the factors of restricting the survival of mankind are more obvious in the west of Jilin. Therefore, it is urgent to protect the environment of the west of Jilin. Especially we should pay more attention to the water resources. Thus the research for the ecological water requirements of the west of Jilin should be placed in an important position.