Study On Extract Technique By The CO₂ Supercritical And Subcritical Fluid Extraction And Analysis Components Of Star Anise Oil

The industry of Illicium verum HooK.f.is an dominant industry in our country,of which planting areas and yield are above 80%in the world.Illicium verum is usually used as aromatics,also used to extracte star anise oil.Since long before,people extract star anise oil by method steam distillation.But by this method,the yield of extraction is lower,and it demands lots of energy and time,and they are lots of aromatic substances had lost for overly high temperature in the extraction process.So it is difficult to keep natural flavor and color by the method.In this paper,using CO₂ Supercritical and Subcritical Fluid Extraction (SFE)to extract star anise oil.And study on the primaey influencing factors of the extraction experiments through orthogonal test or through the design of optimum of two factors experiment.Then defined the optimum conditions of extracting process.At last,analyzed the components and their relative content of star anise oil which extracted by every different methods with GC-MS,then synthetical evaluated the merits and demerits of difenrent extraction. Analysis results are as follows based on experiment:(1)The best conditions of processing treatment to raw material:water content about 10%;comminution degree:20 mesh.(2)The best extracting conditions with Supercritical Fluid CO₂ Extraction:Extracting Temperature:25℃;Extracting Pressure:15MP; Releasing Pressureâ… :7MPa;Releasing Temperatureâ… :30℃;Releasing Pressureâ…¡:5MPa;Releasing Temperatureâ…¡:25℃;Extracting time:2h.The analysis result to star anise oil extracted under the condition:find out 83 compounds,the yield rate:14.84%,the percentage content of trans-Anethole in the star anise oil:92.9327%.(3)The best extracting conditions with Subcritical Fluid CO₂ Extraction: Extracting Temperature:22℃;Extracting Pressure:7MP;Releasing Pressureâ… : 7MPa;Releasing Temperatureâ… :30℃;Releasing Pressureâ…¡:5MPa; Releasing Temperatureâ…¡:25℃;Extracting time:2h.The analysis result to star anise oil extracted under the condition:find out 82 compounds,the yield rate: 12.52%,the percentage content of trans-Anethole in the star anise oil:91.2178 %.The analysis shows that the yield rate and quality of star nise oil extravted by method Supercritical or Supercritical Fluid CO₂ Extraction were better than by method steam distillation.