Finite Element Analysis And Structure Optimal Design For Composite Seal Of Rubber And Metal At Room Temperature And Low Temperature

The rocket engine have highly request in seal's capability and reliability. In this subject, as a very important part of the rocket engine, the composite seal of rubber and metal have a very special sealing structure. This composite seal will work in a very poor work condition. So it is very necessary to do some detailed analysis about this seal bodies and some structure optimal design in order to improve the safety of the whole rocket.In this paper, the statuses of the use of finite element method in the design of sealing are firstly introduced. After that, hyperelastic theory and finite element method for non-linear contacting are told. According to the theories we have mentioned above, in the finite element analysis software ANSYS, which we will use in the following research, the Mooney-Rivlin model are choose to simulate the properties of the rubber. And after the basic mechanics experiments of the rubber, we got the rubber's performance parameters at 20℃and -196℃.Based on the finite element mechanics analysis of the composite seal, we have acquired a variety of stress field, displacement field and deformation of the composite seal. And we fully understood the varied mechanics characteristics of the rubber sealing under pressure, such as, contact pressure, friction stress, von mises stress and shearing stress. After these analyses, we can find out the high stress district of the composite seal clearly and can lay the foundation for the following structure optimal design.By change the structure parameters of the composite seal in the process of finite element analysis, we find out how the parameters of the structure influence the mechanics and the safety of the composite seal. In the base of the analysis above, we optimized the composite seal's structure parameters. According to the contrast of the results, we can find the optimized structure has highly sealing performances and longer life than before optimization.In the end of this paper, the failure modality and the factors influencing sealing performance are discussed. And focus on the influence of temperatures, static friction coefficient and installation accuracy to the failure of the composite seal. These researches provide comprehensive information for the structure design of the composite seals and also provide references for the structure design of other types of seals.