| After entering into the 21 century, Jiangsu Province takes sustainable development strategy as one of the most important developing strategies of economic society, and it is also the road Jiangsu Province must follow for the coordination of population, economic, and environment. With the further and further research of sustainable development, the field is changing form general and nature determined research to specific and rational research. And the appearance of carrying capacity provides the research of sustainable development a new area. It further improves the rational research of sustainable development, and is becoming one of the cores of persistent develop and evaluate research.The main content of this paper is to study and grasp relevant theory of environment carrying capacity, Build up a solid theory foundation for innovation this paper studied, which is based on literature review, holds the process on environment carrying capacity from home and abroad, and analyze the deficiency of currently existing research. Based on this, this paper fix the index choosing principle and index selecting in target system, and then construct environment carrying capacity evaluation system with strong operability and utility. Assure that this paper can reflect Jiangsu's environment carrying capacity state laconically, so to make up the defects of traditional evaluation index system, such as multiple index, poor direction and hard operability. Take Jiangsu province as object, environment carrying capacity as research content, this paper mainly analyzed problems of Jiangsu' population, resource and problems of economic development incoordination with society in social economic. Use this system to do a comprehensive analysis for Jiangsu's environment carrying capacity and the thirteen cities' carry capacity from air environment, water environment and land environment factors and then bring up the advise for Jiangsu economic development strategy and relevant environment protective policy.Research conclusion of this paper:Firstly, economic development and environment protective is a couple of uncompromising contradictions. The central position that economic development has been taken is hard to change in a long term; this is also the main reason for the unbalance of environment and economic development. Secondly, environment carrying capacity exists. Jiangsu is in an important period of economic development, and this brings the environment huge press. But Jiangsu's economic development shouldn't cross the bottom line of environment carrying capacity. Environment and economic develop synergistically together should be insisted. Thirdly, environment carrying capacity and region economy development level closely related. The higher region economy development level is, the lower region environment carrying capacity is, the smaller usable environment space is. On behalf of South Jiangsu, Nanjing, Suzhou and Wuxi's carrying rate is increasing year by year, and the carrying capacity is decreasing year by year. Nanjing's environment carrying capacity rate in 2005 was 0.94, Wuxi's in 2005 has already been more than 1, Suzhou' has already reached 1.12 in 2003. In North Jiangsu and Mid Jiangsu, the environment carrying capacity rate is higher. In North Jiangsu, such as Xuzhou, Lian Yungang, Huai'an, Yancheng, Suqian, only one city Xuzhou's environment carrying capacity rate was more than 0.6, the others were all between 0.4 and 0.6. In Mid Jiangsu, such as Nantong, Yangzhou, Taizhou's environment carrying capacity rate were kept between 0.6 and 0.8.Fourthly, Jiangsu province's entirety environment carrying capacity is decreasing. Thereinto, water environment carrying capacity, land environment carrying capacity will become the main factor that limit Jiangsu province's sustainable development. Jiangsu's environment carrying capacity rate in 2005 is 0.70, water environment carrying capacity is 0.81, land environment carrying capacity is 0.88, air environment carrying capacity is 0.37.
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