The 3S-based Study On Ecological Evaluation Of Otingdag Sand Land Landscape

Grassland resources in the great environmental significance has aroused great attention, the accurate understanding to grassland resource environmental change is the foundation of grassland resources protection and reasonable utility, which has become the focus of domestic and foreign scholars. Long time predatory utility to the grassland area makes the fragile ecological environment becoming worse and worse. In order to study grassland landscape, rapid and accurate revealed landscape ecological changes nearly 20 years, based on "3S" technical, using ground survey data and remote sensing of Zhenglanbanner of the 1980s and the early 21st century, building interpretation signs, landscape type plans was completed. On this basis, take grassland science, ecology and landscape ecology turf as Theoretical foundation, using the method of landscape pattern analysis and landscape type transfer matrix analysis, landscape area of mutual conversion analysis, and the landscape features of plaque and landscape dynamic map of the grassland Zhenglanbanner landscape changes were evaluated. results show that:In seven types of Landscape of Zhenglanbanner, area of the following 3 types growth rapidly: Temperate steppe type, Bare sand, Saline and alkaline land landscape, while the area of Lowland meadow subtype, Temperature meadow-steppe type and Water area decreased. Speckle piece quantity and the speckle piece form exponent have increasing in different degrees, what speckle piece stands area proportion change is less, average speckle piece area has the diminution to varying degrees mostly, minimal speckle piece area and maximal speckle piece area change do not display regularity.During the 20 years, temperature grassland type takes previous position in Zhenglanbanner, landscape status become worse, one kind of grassplot type sand to disappear , Agropyron desertorum ,Cleistogenes suarrosa, grasslands desertification , salinize area explaining kind all over Dake sands change hastily from a small amount distribution to continuation distribution..Zhenglanbanner landscape is changing significantly, increasing diversity of landscape, the landscape of the lower edge; the landscape heterogeneity strengthened, and increased uniformity of landscape, landscape stability serious decline in grassland landscape gradually deteriorating. Different visual richness of the landscape little changed, most of the visual landscape diversity, evenness and landscape fragmentation are increasing, decreasing dominance, superiority plaque types of weakening the role, even more broken landscape. Several categories of landscape diversity in reducing the circumstances, the advantages of an increase, smaller area of the internal structure has changed, some plaque to the dominant type of landscape changes.