The Study Of Emission Trading In The Application Of Environmental Management In Tanggu District

How to play the market's role in the allocation of environmental resources is an important content of policies and measures of environmental protection. Emissions trading are in total control of pollutant discharge under the premise of the use of market mechanisms and the unique nature of environmental resources, environmental protection departments in charge of the supervision and management, through trading emission rights, to achieve low-cost pollution control. Emission trading in controlling environmental pollution owns the characteristics of both environmental quality and cost-effective protection, which becomes the most potential environmental policy under the control of total quantity control. Emissions trading system is an environmental and economic system which is concerned by many countries in recent years, it has changed the traditional environmental management system and lagging negative side, and bring a new vitality to environmental protection. As a market-oriented pollution control system, emissions trading play great role in coordinating regional economic development and environmental protection between the contradictions of society's sustainable development strategy. After a systematic analysis of the current existing pollution control and domestic and international emissions trading system and the policies and practices, in this paper Tanggu District's situations are considered, preliminary study of Tanggu District's necessity and feasibility of implementation of emissions trading against, bring forward the ideas of the paid use of major pollutants emission in Tanggu District which is emissions trading. Researches made the following major findings:1. Tanggu District saves total quantity index for economic development by SO₂ and COD emissions tradingAfter Binhai New Area involving in the country's "11th Five-Year" development plan, economic grows fast, now it has formed a multi-purpose, multi-level and high-level and all-round opening up pattern. Tanggu District of Tianjin Binhai New Area is the core of the region, rapid development of population, rapid growth in energy consumption, resulting in the increasing emissions of sulfur dioxide and chemical oxygen which become direct constraints of Tanggu District's economic and social development, in order to achieve early completion of the northern economy Centre and the modernization of the ecological objectives of livable port city, and take the road of sustainable development, the city must implement sulfur dioxide and chemical oxygen total control, then carry through emissions of trading sulfur dioxide and chemical oxygen demand, for the release of the total quantity index of regional economic development.2. Tanggu district is in the best time of to introduce and establish emissions trading marketIn March this year, the State Council approved the " the overall reform programme of Comprehensive Test supporting of Tianjin Binhai New Area," the State Department explicitly asked the Tianjin Binhai New Area "improve the total emissions of major pollutants control mechanisms, establish the clean development mechanism and emissions trading market." And make it clear that Tianjin not only is given the rights to establish emissions trading market, but also to promote "the two-oriented society," of Binhai New Area. Tianjin has begun to build cooperation with China National Petroleum in the emissions trading market, the Chicago Climate Exchange will also join together in expanding the market, making the international emissions trading platform tend to form. At present, all parties are calling for the establishment of emissions trading platform in order to allow the market mechanism in China through the implementation of emission reduction, it is now the best time in China to establish and introduce of emissions trading market.3. Raise the principle of implementation of emissions trading based on the pilot of Tanggu DistrictThrough the implementation of overall control of pollutants, Tanggu district signed "" 11th Five-Year Plan" responsibility of the total reduction targets of major pollutants ", issued waste discharge permit to install pollution-line continuous monitoring equipment which establish a good foundation for the implementation of emission rights. The Emissions trading rules and dispute ruling are of indispensable protection. As emission rights is essentially the environmental polluters' right to use the environment, so in addition to the establishment of normal market trading rules and dispute ruling means, we must also fully consider how to prevent the "underground transactions" and "free riders" activities. There are no uniform standards for trading rules and dispute arbitration means, trading rules of different areas of different types of emission rights were different. Therefore, bring forward the principle of emissions trading of Tanggu District based on the Tanggu District situations.4. Tanggu District based on the situation of the COD and SO₂ emission reductions of the accounting methodAccounting data accurately reflect the annual emissions of major pollutants, and with the economic operation and the actual situation of pollution prevention and control work in harmony. "11th Five-Year Plan" environmental statistics system has been implemented formally approved by the National Bureau of Statistics. In strict accordance with environmental statistics system, unify scope of the survey, unify method of calculating and the accounting factor, to maintain the continuity and comparability of data. Focus on corporate accounting of the annual emissions from major changes. According to enterprise development in the new emissions accounting, audit information, with the focus on integration-site inspections of enterprises reported emission reduction projects one by one to verify reductions and maintain the six months between the annual accounting of the project and the continuity of data. The SO2 and COD's basic accounting method is as follows: COD or the SO₂ emissions of this year add additional emissions of this year and then minus the reductions of this year. Define the calculating methods of additional emissions and additional reduction; provide methods basis for the total pollutant control.5. Main problems facing after Analysis of the emissions trading pilot projectAt present, China's emissions trading is a pilot project, during the implementation process there are also many difficulties, mainly in the following areas: (1) The emissions trading policies and laws lag behind (2) The determination of the total sewage is a problem, (3) the initial allocation of emission rights exist barriers (4) emissions trading market is not standardized; (5) serious local protectionism, making emissions trading restricted, emissions trading market can not operate effectively.6. Relief for emissions trading, made a preliminary proposal and CountermeasuresIt is necessary to resolve the current implementation of emissions trading and regulating the legal basis for the missing issues and take effective measures to promote the reduction of pollution emissions. Establishing the initial allocation of emission rights programme to strengthen the emissions trading market supervision, and strictly ban enterprises exceeding standard sewage, prompt companies to reduce emissions, and actively go towards emissions trading market, volume control and environmental protection to achieve the overall goal. Actively cultivate emissions trading market, the provision of market information services, regulating unreasonable prices trading system, safeguarding the market order, to play an active role in the creation of trading in the market mechanism and make up for market failure.