| Water resource reservation and water pollution control has always been concerned by countries all over the world in view with its profound influences on both economic and social development. With the rapid development in economy and urbanization in China, demands on water pollution control greatly outpace the municipal wastewater treatment capacities, endangering the sustainable development and the healthy living conditions of Chinese people. Therefore, the market economy in municipal wastewater treatment grows and opens a door for broad social investments. BOT is one of the investment method widely applied. It fastens the steps of municipal wastewater treatment plants construction, reduces the current burden of government budgets, and chooses more practical and economical wastewater treatment technologies and processes.On the other hand, BOT was imported to China from international investment and financing industry only a few decades ago, and it was applied in municipal wastewater treatment only in recent years. Therefore, this research is made with a view to fully exerting the advantages of BOT and reduce the risks, and to provide helpful references for decision-making and policy-making in municipal wastewater treatment marketization by BOT.This paper is made after a wide research and concentrated summary on both international and domestic research achievements, and exemplified by the real examples in municipal wastewater treatment projects.Firstly, an overall introduction to the history, development and applications of BOT has been made.Secondly, a summary to the BOT applications in China has been made.Thirdly, a research on the current situation of BOT applications in municipal wastewater treatment marketization has been made.Finally, a research on the procedure, effects and risks of BOT has been made on the basis of the real BOT projects, with helpful suggestions for research and application of BOT in municipal wastewater treatment development in future.
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