Analysis On Water Pollution Features And Cause Leading To Pollution In Urumqi River

Urumqi's economic have been making high-speed development. Accordingly, Urumqi is a densely populated large city in western China City, but also a typical drought and water shortage city. With the continuous development of socio-economic, severe reduction of water resources and increases pollution have seriously affected socio-economic sustainable development of Urumqi. Urumqi River, as the only river which flows the whole city, takes a series of responsibility such as urban flood control, water irrigation, urban greening, and other important tasks. And its utilization brings a series of environmental problems too. The paper arranges systematically the monitoring data from 2001 to 2005 by a series of evaluation methods of calculation and analyses pollution characteristics of the Urumqi River and its four monitoring section 26 monitoring indicators. It concludes major pollutants are fecal coliform bacteria, chemical oxygen demand, oil, phosphorus, sulfides. Basically, The monitoring indicators are gradually increase with the Urumqi River from upstream to downstream. Because the Urumqi River pass later and it converge surface runoff and the import of agricultural irrigation water. Meanwhile, some index increases which mainly include chemical oxygen demand, oil, phosphorus content. Especially, it accepts a lot of life polluted water and garbage when it flows through the urban area about 20 kilometres. This causes the result that fecal coliform bacteria have multiplied and lead to water quality deteriorated sharply of Urumqi River from upstream to downstream. According to the above characteristics of the water pollution, the paper analyses the reasons for the deterioration of water quality of upstream, midstream and downstream of Urumqi River. Firstly, it analyses retreat of its source of the first glacier and the pollution of Nanshan enterprises and tourism. Secondly, it studies the impact of import of other rivers, Wulabo reservoir construction and urban sewage. As to downstream, the paper studies some problems such as digging fish ponds neighboring Qinggeda lake and openning up virgin soil. Finally, the paper proposes the establishment of the Urumqi River upstream drinking water source protection areas. At the same time, the paper puts forward strengthening the building of laws and regulations, implementing of the water environment overall control capacity, enhancing environmental monitoring capacity and water pollution control.