Ecological Quality Evaluation Of Xingkai Lake Wetland Nature Reserve

Vast territory, the varied natural and geographical conditions make our country become one of the most biologically diverse countries in the world. Nature Reserve, known as the natural gene pools of wildlife, the establishment of which is the most important and most effective measure to protect biological resources and ecological environment, and is also an important guarantee for realizing sustainable developing of the ecological civilization and the whole society. Wetland is a high diversity of unique ecosystem on the earth, with a lot of important ecological functions and socio-economic functions. Therefore, the systematic research on the ecological evaluation in the wetland nature reserve has a very important theoretical and practical significance.Xingkai Lake Wetland Nature Reserve was founded in 1986, and was promoted to National Nature Reserve in 1994, with a total area 222488hm~2. Xingkai Lake Nature Reserve which borders Russia is the most representative, best-preserved and largest in the region of Muling-Sanjiang plain wetlands in Northeast of China, it can be said that is one biodiversity protect hotspot. This paper can provide some references for the protection and management of this area based on the ecological quality evaluation of the Xingkai Wetland Nature Reserve.First, this paper conducted the review about the current evaluation of relevant domestic and foreign research in detail. In general, the evaluation of nature reserves, mainly concentrated in the ecological, economic value, social benefits, and management system evaluation, and the ecological evaluation is the main body.Secondly, this paper studied the basic theory which applied to the ecological evaluation and the evaluation methods used in this article, then introducted the physical, geography and regional socio-economic general situations in Xingkai Nature Reserve, in order to lay a solid foundation for the work.Then, the evaluation and analysis of the ecological quality in Xingkai Lake Nature Reserve are conducted based on the fuzzy math theory, method and large number of survey data. AHP are used for the analysis from 4 aspects of the wetland ecosystem functions: biodiversity conservation, landscape improvement in ecological conditions, education and scientific research value and the eco-tourism value, and selecting naturalness, representativenes, diversity, rarity, suitability, stability and human threats, such seven evaluation indicators to determine the weight of evaluation factors, and structure matrix method are used combining the views of people investigating and the expert group to determine the degree of membership to the target evaluation, so the ecological evaluation index system and fuzzy evaluation mathematical model of the Xingkai Nature Reserve are set up. The evaluation results: According to the principle of maximum membership degree, the overall goal of the general reviews is 0.3964, and its evaluation level is better.Finally, the paper conducted a preliminary probe of the theory on the ecological restoration, combining with the results of the ecological quality evaluation, explored ways to the ecological restoration of Xingkai nature reserve from the lake ecosystem and the ecological environment, hoping to provide references for the area ecological protection and management.