Ecological Environment Damage Evaluation And Ecological Recovery Planning Of Feicheng Mine Area

China is a coal production power, and also be the country of high coal resuming. Coal is our country's main energy resource and plays the support role in economic development. For a long time, people only pay close attention to the output, quality and property of coal, but neglect the land, society and environment problems caused by coal mining. The phenomenons of land subsidence, land occupation by coal ash, air waste emission, soil and water pollution caused great damage to the ecological environment of mine area and ambience. They also came to be the bottleneck affectted the ecological development of mine area.With the understanding enhancement to sustainable development, people pay more and more attention to the ecological environment of coal mining area. Our country no longer wants to go on the old path that"pollution first, treatment afterwards". And it proposes protecting and recovering ecological environment while expanding the resources. And it increases the input intensity to environment abatement. The ecological environment damage evaluation of mine area could provide powerful support for ecological recovery and point the guidline of recovery way. So, it is realistic to make the ecological damage evaluation and do corresponding recovery planning study.This paper takes Feicheng mine area as the subject of study. By using the remote sensing images of 1986, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2006 year, it interpretates the area change in maximum likelihood method and get the rule of twenty years'land cover change. The main landuse types are water, mine area, village and town, farmland and woodland. On this basis, it makes the ecological environment damage assessment and gets the change law of Feicheng typical mine areas. They are Yangzhuang, Caozhuang, Guojia Zhuang and Baizhuang mining area. The evaluated years are 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005 and 2006. Connected with the mines'physical truth, according to the landuse change law and ecological environment damage rule, it divided into comprehensive development recovery subarea, protected mining recovery subarea and ecological maintaining subarea. Then it made the short-term and long-term ecological recovery plannings. The main conclusions are:(1) It gets the ecological damage spatio-temporal feature of Feicheng mine area.The early mining unavoidably caused damage to the surrounding ecological environment. Taking up land, land subsidence, mine waste and so on did more hurt. With the stability of subsided land and doing continuous ecological recovery measures, the ecological damage will be decreased and develop the stable and good way in later mining periods. As the society development, the later produced mines are high standard and well planned, then the damage to the environment will be lessened. Because of continuous producing, the low-grade damage will be going on.(2) It masters the land use/cover change rule of Feicheng mine area.From 1986 to 2006, because of mining economy, population and cultivated level development, lots of woodland changed into farmland in Feicheng mine area. As the population improvement, countries moving and arrangement of rural residential areas, the acreage of villiage and town changed lumpy. During 1986 to 1990, the mine area had great change because of several new mining areas putting on production. In other years, it had not obvious chang. Continuous mining caused some villiages, woodland and farmland turning into subsided water and the areas expanded continuously. As taking the way of treating while subsiding, subsided water area was not greatly added.(3) It builds the ecological environment damage estimated indicators system of Feicheng mine area.On the representative, comprehensive, practical and convenient principles, it selected fourteen estimated indicators from society development, natural ecological environment and resource utilization aspacts. And it used fuzzy synthetical appraisal to making ecological damage quantitative evaluation of Feicheng mine area in 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, and 2006. It getted the conclusions that the old coal mine's ecological damage was serious in the early stage. In the later period, the ecological environment was recovered and ecological system went to stable. So the damage was low-grade. As high construction standard, the new coal mine caused lighter ecological damage in the early stage and the trend was more stable as the continuous treating.(4)It makes the ecological recovery results of Feicheng mine area.Based on the evaluated results of Feicheng mine area, it divided the coal mines of different times and different damage degrees into different areas. They are comprehensive development recovery subarea (including Yangzhuang and Caozhuang coal mines), protected mining recovery subarea (including Guojia Zhuang mine area) and ecological maintaining subarea (including Baizhuang mine area). Aimed at different subareas, it maked different short-term and long-term ecological recovery plannings. And it mainly applied the ecological recovery technologies such as subsided land regulation, coal ash management, villiage consolidation, dynamic pre-reclamation, ecological conservation and so on.