Study On Zhalong Wetland Ecological Degradation And Ecological Rehabilitation Measures

Zhalong Wetland is the biggest national natural reserve which protects rare water-birds, mainly red-crowned crane, and wetland ecosystem in China. And it occupies an, important position in crane protection and wetland ecosystem protection in the world and is rich in biodiversity. Favorite geographic position and unique natural environment make it become the paradise and resting station of migratory water-birds, and the wetland plays an important role in regulating regional climate, balancing precipitation, and retaining flood, purifying water quality and reducing pollution. However under the influence of natural factors, human activities and interference and damage from the outside world in recent years; wetland ecological environment is degrading, threatening the biodiversity of the wetland.The paper carries out statistic investigation and conversion analysis of landscape types from 1986 to 2002 in the Zhalong Wetland Reserve based on 3G technology and MATLAB6.5 software assistant calculation. By using Markov Model initial matrix and conversion probability matrix are established and the conversion of landscape types in the future is predicted quantitatively. The area for water surface, saline-alkaline land, water swamp, reed swamp, farmland, grass land and residential area in the stable situation account for 4.13,5.8.1,9.58,52.86,13.74,12.90,0.98 of total the Zhalong Wetland area respectively. At the same time the reasons for causing landscape type conservation are analyzed in the reserve, mainly lacking of comprehensive water resources management and wetland, increasing human activities, changing land utilization of wetland, and the construction of Nen River Dikes, resulting in water shortage, threatening Zhalong Wetland ecosystem and giving rise to ecological deterioration in the reserve.In view of dynamic analysis and prediction of landscape pattern in theZhalong Wetland Reserve, it is fund that the reserve is facing the threat changing from marshy wetland to xerocole meadow-forest ecology system. Combining with local natural, social economic conditions and by using wetland restoration theory, some ecological rehabilitation countermeasures are put forward for theZhalong Wetland Reserve.