The Multi-Stakeholders Game Analysis Of Workplace Safety Regulation In China

As one of the important social regulations, workplace safety regulation is government regulation institutions according to the production safety law, administrative behavior such as regulations set by permission, supervision and administrative penalty or administrative decision with workplace safety and environmental security, special equipment safety and nuclear safety, etc., all of the individual microeconomic involved production safety behavior must be supervised and inspected and disposed, to ensure the production and operation activities of the employee personal safety, health, prevent disaster for the purpose of social regulation. Workplace safety regulation theory comes from the market mechanism defects, if the market operation fully and effectively, then no need for government to safety and health regulations, but the market operation pattern and spontaneous and dispersion will surely be bring to some risk, and result to market failure, and so government safety regulation is needed.Since the reform and opening up, China's economy has been rapid developed, the development index of the national economy in general kept steadily rising trend. Social progress and economic development have great achievements, but also appeared in some disharmonious phenomena and contradictions, and we paid a huge price for those, and at a certain extent there is unbalanced between in the social and economic development, the development orbit deviated from normal, especially during in pursuit of China's GDP growth of excessive high, it brings to economic factors such as production scale expansion blindness and resources increased excess demanding, and in the process of transformation brings to social factors such as parts of enterprise management lax, and local government serious tendency of interests, which lead to China's workplace safety problems, and great safety accidents occur frequently, workers' life safety and health suffered serious damagement, workplace safety coefficient at high risk.Although in the process of transformation on social development and economic system, appear afore-mentioned problems are inevitable, but to control and reduce workplace occupational safety damagement, workplace safety risk is controlled in the reasonable scope, safeguard workers' life safety and health, and provide for labourers a safe place to work, which must be a serious social economy problem in any democratic, legal and harmonious society should pay great attention to disposed, and also one of the important fields on social regulation the government should be deal with, so the research on the problem of workplace safety regulation in China is very necessary.For workplace safety problems, academic circles paid a lot of attention in recent years, scholars from different points of view are discussed, such as economics, system design, incentive compatibility, law and economics, safety input efficiency, externality, etc., trying to find out effective measures to workplace safety problem. From the angle of this paper, the game analysis of workplace safety regulation in the relationship between various interest subjects, is more advantageous to explain and dispose workplace safety problems. Therefore, in this paper, from the perspective of the game theory, through establishing model to analyse local government, enterprise and employees game-theory relations with each other in the workplace safety problems involving compare closely, and on this basis I come up with some opinions and suggestions for helping to improve workplace safety problems, and on this basis some helps improve workplace safety problems of opinions and suggestions, it's a certain significance in hoping to ensure laborers' safety and reduce safety accidents, and maintain social stability has certain significance.In regulation problem, most scholars generally agree and strengthen the social regulation will be the future trend of government regulation. Relative to the economic regulation, social regulation is later, but it's rapid development, and workplace safety regulation is an important part of the study of social regulation. With social and economic production technology and population structure of the development and changes of workplace safety regulation theory frame and mature and perfect the system of the research methods and research content increased and more abundant. Because of China's economy and economic development, and in the particularity of institutional transition economy is the important period, so the study of China's current workplace safety regulation, to improve workplace safety regulation, safeguard the lawful rights and interests of labourers, and construction should be "people base, democracy and law-based" harmonious society has very important theoretical significance.Workplace safety problems has great influence to sustain economic and social development of our country, which is an issue necessaried to resolve. Based on the individual rationality and collective rationality of contradiction, it's different between the whole society considering the costs and benefits and individual considering the cost and benefit, causing inconformity between some enterprises' best safety input and the social situation, thus it comes into being interests conflict and coordination problems in local government, enterprise and employee those three workplace safety related subjects.During China's workplace safety regulation, workplace safety investment pooring, oversight in wrong place, security incidents freguently, causing economic society and labor people's lives and property suffered great losses, this is the result of the game among local government, enterprise and employees for their own benefit maximization, this is the result of the enterprise lacking social responsibility and local government "economic rent", and then labourers' rights can't effectively be protected. Due to the low degree of organization, the employee can't effectively communicate their interests demanded, and then they occupy a very disadvantageous position in society, and they also in or near the marginalized position during every game with others. In the long run, this kind of imbalance social relations will threaten national stability. Therefore, whether from the angle of the country's long-term stability or from the angle of society democracy and harmonious, we should eliminate all kinds of obstacles which restraint systeematization institution for disadvantaged employees, to ensure laborers' basic interests especially the grass-roots staff.In game theory, the participants, action and results collectively referred to as the game rules, and the purpose of the game analysis is to use the game results to decide the game equilibrium. From its essence, the regime is a game rule which has conclusive restraint function for the behavior of game participants. In a sense, we can say, just because of the relevant institutional defects, shortage or lack of constraint, can cause to there still exist unbalanced situations in games between multi-stakeholders about interests, and safety accidents occur frequently. To basically solve the problem of workplace safety, we must strengthen the construction of legal system and regime, and through the regime innovation, improvement and continuously perfection, to make an effective game equilibrium solution of the benefits among multi-stakeholders.