The Impact Assessment Of Ecological Vulnerability Based On The Land-use In The Transitional Area Between Forest And Grass Regions In Northeast China

With the in-depth research and development of global change and development, the land-use change and their impact on the environment at present has become a frontier and focus subject research of global change. Due to the natural environment and human survival mode exists differences, different regions in the environment and the development of stress and pressure show a certain degree of vulnerability. Through LUCC plan, the research centre was focused on the land-use change and environmental effects in the ecological vulnerability region.The paper made ecological vulnerability background analysis of the transitional area between forest and grass regions in northeast China, and found that geology, topography, climate, soil, vegetation and other natural factors are the basis and potential factor of ecological vulnerability of studied area, human unreasonable activities are the dominant factor of ecological vulnerability accelerated. With three source images of the middle and later of 1980s, the middle of 1990s, and 2005, combined with other statistics, the paper classified the land-use of the transitional area between forest and grass regions in northeast China under the support of remote sensing images processing software and GIS.With annual rainfall, DEM, soil texture, soil organic matter, the land-use data,≥0℃accumulated temperature, the count of days of more than 6m/s wind, and NDVI vegetation data as the source data, according to the "pressure - state - response" model, the paper built ecological vulnerability evaluation index system based on the land-use, and evaluated the research area of ecological vulnerability, then carried out dynamic analysis of the land-use pattern and ecological vulnerability pattern using the evaluation results, finally revealed the relations between the land-use and ecological vulnerability of the transitional area between forest and grass regions in northeast China.Research found that forest and grass are the main type of the transitional area between forest and grass regions in northeast China, there are more than 70% of the research area, cultivated land area followed and occupies 17%, other types of land use area is lesser; Cultivated land area has been in growth 10315.72 km~2, urban and rural residents land also has a small increase, and other types of the land-use area have reduced, grassland area has reduced 6794.02 km~2, forest area has reduced 2386.51 km~2.Mild vulnerability areas and moderate vulnerability areas are the main type of the transitional area between forest and grass regions in northeast China, ecological vulnerability is lower in the northern of Daxing'anling area and SongLiao plain, and is higher in eastern Inner Mongolia plane and Yan Mountain. Ecological environment has been worsening since the middle and later of 1980s, mild vulnerability area has largely turned to moderate vulnerability areas and strength vulnerability areas, and the area of mild vulnerability areas has reduced, the area of moderate vulnerability areas and strength vulnerability areas has increased. Ecological environment deterioration direction shows: from the west Inner Mongolia plane to SongLiao plain, from Yan Mountain to Daxing'anling area.Through the ecological vulnerability and the land-use coupling analysis, this paper concludes that the land use types from different analysis of characteristics of the ecological vulnerability degree distribution, types of land-use were being in mild vulnerability areas and moderate vulnerability areas in the middle and later of 1980s, various types of land use had primarily been in moderate vulnerability areas since the middle of 1990s, intensity vulnerability areas had obviously improved the area proportion; anglicizing different ecological vulnerability degree from the distribution characteristics of land-use type, waters is the main land-use pattern in micro degrees vulnerability areas, there are mainly forest, grass, cultivated land in mild vulnerability areas and moderate vulnerability areas, the main land-use pattern turns to grass from unused land in strength vulnerability areas;Ecological vulnerability index of kinds of land-use types overall shows ascendant trend between the middle and later of 1980s and 2005, shows that the ecological environmental quality declines, ecological vulnerability index of unused land is maximum and water is minimum;Anglicizing the changes circumstance, deterioration speed of waters, urban and rural, and grass are the fastest and forest is the slowest.