The Study On The Characteristics Of Air Pollution And Measures For Prevention And Control In Urumqi

Objective:To master the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of air pollutant concentrations in Urumqi, to evaluate present situation of air environmental quality, to put forward the countmeasures and suggestions about prevention and control of air pollution in Urumqi. Methods:According to the monitoring data of air quality from 1996 to 2005 and results of the first national pollution census, with the Ambient Air Quality Standard(GB3095-1996) and range of API and relavant air quality class, this paper applied three methods to analyze the characteristics of atmosphere pollution in Urumqi,such as statistical description and comprehensive pollution index as well as API.. Results:1,The annual average concentration of SO2 and PM10 exceeded GradeⅡof Ambient Air Quality Standard.The primary pollutant was PM10 (Particle matter less than 10μm). Second was SO2.2,Air pollution during heating period was serious. Air quality in non- heating period was good. Air pollution in heating period was the most serious in one year. The average concentration of SO2 and PM10 in heating period were heavily over the standard. The average concentration of SO2 and PM10 in heating period were 2.50-3.45 and 1.72-2.31 times as those of Standard respectively. The average concentration of SO2 and PM10 in non-heating period also reached Standard.3,Though the annual average concentration of NO2 attained Standard, it showed an increasing trend on whole in recent years. In addition to coal combustion source, motor vehicle exhaust was also an important share of the contribution.4,69.66% of the discharge amount of smoke dusts came from industrial source,30.34% of that was domestic pollution source.91.91% of the discharge amount of S02came from industrial source,8.09% of that was domestic pollution source. 95.19% of the discharge amount of NO2 came from industrial source,4.81% of that was domestic pollution source. Industrial pollution source was the greatest source of air pollutant in Urumqi.5,The reduction amount of electricity industry pollutants was obviously higher than thermal power industry through the efficient combustion and dust removal. Thermal power industry was the greatest source of smoke dusts in Urumqi. The production and supply industry of electricity and thermal power in Urumqi was the biggest contribution to the production and discharge amount of SO2,61.25% of the production of city's industry came from that and 63.41% of the discharge of city's industry also came from that. Most of SO2 produced was discharged directly into air without disposal. Conclusion:The production and discharge amount of main air pollutants almost came from the production and supply industry of electricity and thermal power in Urumqi. Air pollution in Urumqi is coal-burning pollution, the primary pollutant to Urumqi city's air quality during most of a year is PM10. Air quality in non- heating period in Urumqi is good, but the average concentration of SO2 and PM10 in heating period are heavily over the standard. With the increasement of vehicle population, the average concentration of NO2 showed an increasing trend on whole in recent years. Industrial pollution source is the greatest source of air pollutant in Urumqi.