Distribution Characteristics Of Different Diameter Air Particulates And Water Soluble Ions In Jiaozuo High-tech Zone

At present, the atmospheric pollution has become an important risk factor for the human health. The World Health Organization estimated that there about 800 thousand people dying from urban air pollution in the worldwide. Now the various kinds of atmospheric pollutants that are approved air pollutants, particularly the fine particulate, have been recognized as a largest threat to human health. Since small size, large surface area, and strong adsorption, the particles easily become carriers of toxic substances in the air and could cause great harm to the environment and human health. In the evaluation of health hazard caused by air pollution, many international institutions have chosen air pollutant particles as representative of air pollutantsFrom January to December 2010,72 samples of various diameters particles were collected with Model 236 high volume and six grading particles captor produced by U.S. Staplex Company, in the high-tech zones of Jiaozuo City. The quality of different diameters of air particles were measured by gravimetric method and mass percentage was researched. According to records of the meteorological conditions during the sampling period, the variation laws between different diameters of air particles and meteorological conditions, such as wind speed, temperature and humidity and so on was analyzed. The results show that different diameters of air particles have negative correlation with temperature and wind speed, positive correlation with humidity. And particles the particle size less than 2.1μm have the highest correlation with humidity. These particles mainly concentrated in less than 2.1μm range and had bad impact to human body.Through analysis on water-soluble ion(F^-,Cl^-,NO₃^-,SO₄^2-,K⁺,Ca²⁺,Na⁺,Mg²⁺)of different diameter particles which sampled from Jiaozuo city with ion chromatography(IC),the results showed that the result shows that four ions in different size particles have clear spatiotemporal characteristics, and are important part of atmospheric particulates. It was found that SO₄^2- was the major components of atmospheric particles;F^-,Ca²⁺,Mg²⁺were easily concentrated in the coarse particles, for Cl^-,NO^3-,SO₄^2-,were concentrated in the fine particles, Na⁺ was concentrated both of larger and fine particles. Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ have the same and stable sources of pollution, and mostly come from coarse particles, such as soil dust, construction dust and so on. There is a marked interrelationship between Ca²⁺and Mg²⁺.Fine particulate matter which comes from consumption of fossil fuels and automobile exhaust, etc., is their common source. Biomass burning and dust may be the same source for Cl^- and Na⁺. As a kind of ions that has rich resources, K⁺ has significant correlation with other ions. The correlative coefficient between K⁺ and Cl^- is the highest. Soil dust, building dust, straw burning may be their common sources.