Research And Case Study On Marine Oil Spills Ecological Damage Assessment Based On NRDA

Ocean is the largest energy reservoir on the earth, it supplies vast nature resources and ecosystem services for humankind. As technology improved, all the world increased the development and utilization of resources. The pollution caused by oil spill happened frequently. Oil pollution which brought huge ecological disaster to marine organisms and their environment, has drawn people's increasing attention. While United States, Canada and other countries have established the ecological damage assessment jurisprudence and methodology on oil spill, domestic relatively researches started late. Since the 21st century, some scholars have gradually carried out studies in this filed. The lack of technology and legal supports lead compensation for ecological damage always insufficiency. In view of this, the research on oil spill ecological damage assessment is imminent.Based on the discussion about marine ecosystem services and damage caused by oil spill, this paper established the different assessment methodology which combined with ecological and economical assessment methods: rapid assessment and integrated assessment. Rapid assessment could be used for small and medium oil spill; integrated method is for large incident. It assessed on biological resources and marine habitat with relevant methods. Especially in the assessment of habitat value, we study ecological assessment methods home and aboard, use the experience of United States on natural resource damage assessment. Chose habitat equivalency analysis model to optimize and summarize the domestic oil spill incident practices.By introducing the ecological service equivalent factor to transfer various habitats, the modified HEA was applied as scaling method for compensatory-restoration. While different accidents are characteristic, in some cases other services losses as environmental capacity and cultures value should be calculated. Finally, study the Deepwater Horizon oil spill incident which caused international attention happened in the Gulf of Mexico. With available information, it assessed on the biological resources and marine habitats, valuated the ecological damage preliminary.