Study On The Pollution Level And Assessment Index System Of The Ecological Damage By Oil Spill

Ocean provides material foundation and is an important environment for human survival anddevelopment. With the increasingly highlighted the importance of the oil and its productionon the life, the expansion of offshore oil exploration, the increase of ship fuel load and theincrease of maritime transport routes, marine oil spill probability of the risks tend to beincreasing. However, frequent occurrence of oil spill pollution accident caused seriousdamage to the marine and humans and caused huge economic losses. Spill potential HazardLevel of the accident and the assessment of the ecological damage methods is the maincontent. The research include the following aspects:1. The establishment of the oil spill ecological damage assessment proceduresChina’s oil pollution emergency disposal cannot be carried timely and effectively, thepayment does not be equal with the ecological restoration, from the simulated oil spilloccurred to damage assessment claimed in the whole process of the workflow, ecologicaldamage assessment procedures of the oil spill are built. Assessment procedures include basicdata collection, oil spill trajectory forecast, the object and extent of the damage, the value ofecological damage assessment. the workflow is clear and concise, easy operation, and caneffectively improve the compensation for pollution damage.2.Oil spill ecological damage assessment methodThis paper compares the domestic and international oil spill damages concept and scope,and combining the assessment content and determine assessment methods, finally establish asets reasonably practicable assessment system.In this paper, market value method is used toassess loss of capacity of the marine environment, and Habitat Equivalency Analysistechnology is used to the ecological damage assessment.3. Pollution rating systemThis article analyze the influencing factors related to the oil spill pollution levels, and built evaluation index system of oil spill pollution levels. Using Analytic Hierarchy Processcalculate the weights of each evaluation factor, building indicators membership function andmembership subset table, and completing marine oil spill pollution levels evaluation model.The influencing factors related to the oil spill pollution levels covers oil spill, environment ofspill site, oil characteristics, ecological factors, the index system lay a strong focus onecological factors. This model is scientifically determining the oil spill pollution level toovercome the one-sidedness of the subjective judgment of the professionals. Once oil spillshappen，it can provide a timely manner, and quickly make sure the level of oil pollution, andprovide a reliable basis for taking oil spill emergency response.4Empirical research based on the establishment of oil spill pollution level assessmentindicators and assessment procedures.This paper, though the analysis of the oil spill potential risk, and the evaluationits ofoccurrence probability, we can get the result, the probability of a large scale oil spil is l1.1×10-5, according to source strength analysis of the accident, oil spill volume of70tons and7,000tons are the scenes we choose. The economic analyses of marine capacity loss arerespectively4.05million and405million. The losses of ecosystem services are respectively939,000and4,094,000. The pollution levels are respectively moderate pollution and severepollution.