A Study On Coupling Of Tourism Development And Ecological Protection In Extremely Difficult Areas

In the context of national poverty alleviation scheduled as a primary task in the new period, tourism development is regarded as the important means to social economic development and poverty alleviation in contiguous destitute areas. However,tourism development aggravates pressures on ecological environment while bringing benefits to the society, and even cause the quality degradation of ecological environment, which restricts the sustainable development of tourism. Therefore, how to make the harmonious development of the two major systems has become a hot issue which need to be solved urgently in the current academic circles.This paper took Chongqing Shizhu Tujia Autonomous county as the study object.Shizhu county is located in Wuling mountain contiguous destitute areas and Chongqing Southeast ecological protection area. In the instruction of the system theory,coordination theory, sustainable development theory and the life cycle theory of the tourist destination, this paper used literature research, field research and quantitative research methods to construct the evaluation index system of tourism development and ecological protection coupling and the measurement model of coupling situation assessment. Based on the original data of the 2004-2013 development of tourism industry and ecological environment protection of Shizhu County, this paper discussed the evolution trend of the two major systems and the trend of coupling development of Shizhu, found that:(1)The tourism system comprehensive evaluation showed a gradual growth, it means that the development of tourism industry is growing and tourism development has obvious effect a lot. The comprehensive evaluation index of ecological protection system in a wave of ups and downs. it means that the ecological environment is affected obviously by the rapid development of urbanization, industrialization and tourism industry, and the input and use of ecological environmental protection project.(2)The speed of evolution of tourism development system is always higher than the rate of evolution of ecological protection system in 2005-2013, indicating that the development of the tourism industry is higher than the speed of the speed of ecological protection. Tourism system and protection of ecological system evolution of the velocity showed a trend of rising at first then going down. Evolution curve are invertedU type, that means tourism development and environment protection are two systems of mutual coercion constraint effect which has been revealed.(3)2004-2013, the coupling trend of Shizhu County tourism development and ecological protection system is a process of Interactive running-in stage to antagonism stage. The contradiction between the two systems is becoming more and more intense,and the situation of mutual coercion and mutual restriction is becoming more and more serious.(4)To ensure the sustainable development of tourist industry and ecological environment and realize the harmony development of two systems, Shizhu County shall establish a coordination mechanism of knowing for the law and abiding by the law, a coordination mechanism of cooperative tourism project development and ecological protection project construction, the scale of the tourism industry and ecological environment capacity resource allocation coordination mechanism and multi participation mechanism and revenue sharing mechanism of revenue sharing coordination mechanism. Ensure that tourism development and ecological protection this two systems have coordinate and sustainable development.