Study On The Negative Effect Of Tourism On The Ecology Of Tourist Area And Its Ecological Health Protection

Ecological civilization construction is a long-term plan that relates to the welfare of thepeople and the nation’s future. Beautiful landscape，whose innate character is "sky blue, earthgreen, mountains green, water clean ", is the destination of ecological civilizationconstruction and the needs of the times. The "cornerstone" of tourism survival is clean riversand beautiful mountains, so the healthy development of tourism plays a decisive role in thebeautiful landscape construction. Today, both travelers’ tourist activities and tour operators’operating activities have a profound impact on the quality of the surrounding ecologicalenvironment. With the prosperity of tourism, the conflict between ecotourism andenvironmental protection has become increasingly clear, and environmental degradation hasbecome even more prominent. In essence, the relationship brtween tourism andenvironmental protection is unity of opposites. If we adopt proper methods and techniques,we can achieve the coordinated development of the two, but if the wrong planning andmismanagement are adopted, the harm to the ecological environment is enormous. This paperaims to clarify the negative impact of tourism on various natural resources, identify theinfluence rule, analysize the impact mechanism, explore the ecological maintenance measuresand provide a scientific basis and practical guidance for the sustainable development ofecotourism. In this paper, some means and methods are adopted, such as field survey,laboratory testing, literature review, theoretical analysis, fact summarized, logical reasoningand so on. From whole and local, macro and micro，potential and profound perspectives, thispaper studies comprehensively the ecological impact of tourism and ecological healthprotection of tourist areas, and obtains the following results:1, Through conceptual analysis, the definition and connotation of tourism ecologicalhealth are discussed. Ecological health of tourist areas is to ensure a healthy ecosystem whichcan resist the disturbance of tourist activities. Through self-regulation, the ecosystem canmaintain its stability, and promote the sustainable development of local tourism by continuingto provide natural resources. The connotation of ecological health of tourist areas is to ensurethe sustainable use of resources the development of tourism tourism area, ecological balanceand stable, efficient and optimization of the tourism industry, and the harmonious progress of society and culture.2. Through theoretical discussion, this paper analysizes comprehensively the variousecological impact of tourism. Firstly, the concept, content and importance of ecologicalimpact are concluded and defined; secondly, the negative impacts of tourism are elaborated,particularly the negative impact on natural resources. For water body, water pollutants andtheir sources are analyzed. For soil, the chain reaction of soil because of trample or vehiclesrolling is discussed. For vegetation, from ground vegetation, shrubs, trees, terrestrialvegetation, aquatic vegetation and other aspects, this paper expounds elaborately the tourisminfluence on all kinds of vegetation; For wild animals, the direct and indirect effects onanimal physiology, behavior, reproduction, number and species composition are analyzedsystematically. Finally, constraints of the ecological impact of tourism activities areanalysized dialectically, including the particular identities of natural resources, terrainconditions, ecosystem characteristics, intensity of attractions use, tourist characteristics,tourist seasons and so on.3. Through theoretical discussion, from the law, economy, administration, regulation andcontrol of environmental capacity, the scenic area planning, propaganda and education, thetourism ecological protection measures are discussed. These measures are the powerfulguarantee to the healthy development of ecology in tourist area. Through the joint of multiplemeasures, the negative impact of tourism on the ecological can be greatly reduced.4, Through empirical study, this paper evaluates specificly the ecological impact oftourism development and tourism activities on the ecological environment of Baotianmaneco-tourism area. Firstly, by the ways of quantitate analysis, the paper analyzes the waterquality, wildlife diversity, soil and vegetation conditions in the tourist area. Secondly, thepaper analyzes the unfavorable factors of ecological protection in management level.5. Through regional study, this paper attempts to provide the measures to prevent andreduce the ecological impact of tourism. Firstly, for each type of natural resources, somespecific protection measures are given; secondly, based on the theory of regional ecologicalsustainable development, some macroscopic recommendations and measures are given totourism administration on how to minimize the adverse effects of tourism activities on theenvironment. The theoretical value on the research of the ecological impact of tourism is to resolve theconflicts between human and nature, and promote the harmony between human and nature.This study will be helpful for all the stakeholders to better understand ecotourism, theecological impact of tourism and ecological sustainability, and the results of this study notonly can be used as a tool to improve tourism management in study area, but also can applyto other tourist areas for ecological maintenance and management.