Research On Optimization Design Of Wind Turbine Blade Based On Genetic Algorithm

Wind energy is a renewable and clean energy, and it is converted into electrical energy through wind driven generators. Wind turbine blades are the key to energy conversion. The aerodynamic structure design of blade determines conversion efficiency in wind turbine, and thus to make an optimization structure design of wind turbine blade.Base on principle of work of wind turbine, optimized design mathematic model of fan blade is proposed in this paper. Taking into account wind speed probability distribution, this article, NM1.3MW horizontal axis wind turbine as an example, optimize blades using improved genetic algorithms. Output power of each segment blade is set as the objective function; The blade chord length and twist angle is set as design variables; The blade is cut into five segments, using the MATLAB optimization toolbox to calculated each maximum power, and to determine an optimum value of chord length and twist angle at each section. Then the traditional genetic algorithm is compared to the improved one.At different wind speeds, the power of blade designed increased with different degree to the blade instance. Results show that improved genetic algorithm can choose a smaller population, fewer the number of computations, faster convergence and higher precision than the traditional genetic algorithm. Experiment results show that the chord length of section 1 is 2.15m, and twist angle of section 1 is 5.24 degrees; the chord length of section 3 is 1.98m, and twist angle of section 3 is 5.12 degrees; the chord length of Section 5 is 1.02m, and twist angle of section 5 is 2.06 degrees. When the wind speed is 5m/s, the power of blade designed is 62.208kw, and the power of the blade instance is 30.280kw; When the wind speed is 15m/s, the power of blade designed is 1146.000 kw, and the power of the blade instance is 1278.000 kw; When the wind speed is 25m/s, the power of blade designed is 890.901 kw, and the power of the blade instance is 832.379 kw.Improved genetic algorithm is stronger practicality and superiority than the traditional genetic algorithm at design of wind turbine blade through contrasting the power of the blades designed with the blade instance, and the convergence graph of the improved genetic algorithm is compared to the convergence graph of the traditional genetic algorithm. But also it shows that the improved genetic algorithm is more practical value than the traditional genetic algorithm in multiple objective functions.