The Characteristics Of Driving Anger Among Bus Drivers And The Design Of Intervention In Driving Anger

In recent,road rage as a type of typical negative emotion has become a common problem among drivers worldwide.Driving anger is likely more common than believed and it has brought great hidden trouble to the road traffic safety.Anger not only has a negative influence on the drivers who are experiencing the emotion,such as interfering with people's attention,affecting their capabilities of risk perception and driving abilities,but also other road users.Even,Road rage causes aggressive driving and road violence,which Increases the probability of traffic accidents.Recently,due to more and more bus traffic accidents,the emotional management of professional drivers was paid attention.It is necessary to solve the problem of the shortage of high quality professional drivers in China.Thus,exploring the characteristics of anger among bus drivers,carrying out intervention in driving anger and presenting methods and strategies of anger management are of great significance to develop driver assistance system and reduce driver's anger as well as road traffic accidents.The main contents of this paper are as follows:(1)Establishing the driving anger scale applicable to bus drivers in our country and carrying out the verification of its reliability and validity.Determining the driver's traffic scenarios evoked anger and collecting scale items through the literature collection and drivers' interviews.Combined with the original driving anger scale,all the items were translated and discussed to form the initial scale.Verifying the reliability and validity of the initial scale and finding that the final scale included four dimensions: discourtesy,traffic obstructions,illegal driving and slow driving.The internal consistencies of the total scale and subscales were over 0.72.There were significant correlations between the total scale and subscales.These indicated that the established driving anger scale had good reliability.(2)Analyze the characteristics of driving anger of bus drivers.Using descriptive statistics to analyze the levels of bus drivers' anger in different traffic scenarios;Exploring the influence of demographic variables such as age,driving experiences,mileage as well as driving behaviors on driving anger;Exploring the relationships between driving anger and personality traits such as A type pattern,trait anger as well as anger expression;To examine the differences in anger between type A pattern and non type A pattern,anger outward expression and anger inward expression;The demographic variables,driving behaviors and personality traits were used as independent variables and then the multiple regression model was established to study the prediction effects of variables on driving anger.(3)Design the intervention method in driving anger and verify the effectiveness of the method.The present study designed two different intervention methods,namely cognitive intervention and forgiveness intervention in driving anger on the basis of analyzing the characteristics of driving anger.One-way Analysis of variance and independent t-tests were carried out to explore the differences in anger(driving anger,driving anger expression inventory,trait anger)and emotion regulation(anger control and cognitive emotion regulation)among cognition,forgiveness and control group.The results indicated that two intervention methods all had good effect and the effect was durable.