| Background: Road traffic injury is one of the most important causes of death and disability which is an ignored public health problem.Road traffic injury is the eighth cause of death in the world,the leading cause of death at the age of 15-29 years old,and the cause of 2.1% of the deaths and 2.6% of the loss of disability in the world.By the end of 2014,the number of motor vehicles in the country exceeded 250 million vehicles.And 1,968,112 traffic accidents occurred in China,resulting in 58,523 deaths,211,882 injuries,and a loss of 107,543 yuan in direct traffic accidents.Chinese people are facing a very serious road traffic injury problem.Angry driving has becoming a common problem in the automobile era.The emotions generated by drivers during driving are of great importance to traffic safety.Unstable emotions can cause drivers to not concentrate their thought,prevent the normal use of driver technology,drive drivers not to comply with professional ethics,make drivers feel tired,sentimental,and easily lead to traffic accidents.Foreign scholars have studied driving anger since 1990 s.But domestic research on driving anger has just started,and the research results are not concentrated enough.Our country is also faced with the development of urban traffic,and the driving anger of drivers and the road traffic accidents caused by them are showing an increasing trend.The purpose of this study is to use the driving anger scale to design a driving anger questionnaire.Through structural equation modeling,cross-sectional study and case control study,to analyse the current situation of driving anger and the impact on road traffic safety of different drivers in China,in order to provides a theoretical basis for preventing and reducing driving anger and road traffic injury.Objectives: 1.To designe and implemente the Driving Anger Scale(DAS),which accords with the characteristics of Chinese drivers.2.To test the reliability and validity of the scale,construct the structural equation model,and provide a theoretical basis for in-depth study of driving anger.3.To analyze the risk factors of driving anger in China,as to provide a scientific basis for preventing and reducing the occurrence of driving anger.4.To explore the relationship between road traffic injuries and driving anger and related factors.Methods: 1,The reliability and validity analysis and the construction of the structural equation model: The reliability and validity of the scale is analyzed by the survey data.And then revising the scale,establishing the structural equation model,the parameters are estimated by the maximum likelihood method,and the model is corrected by the modification index to obtain better fitting results.2.Cross-sectional study: On the basis of the scale,the basic situation,health status,driving habits and accidents are investigated,and the scale is analyzed comprehensively to explore the potential factors affecting driver's driving anger.3.Case control study: Using sex and age as a matching factor and using 1:1 matched case-control design,the demographic characteristics,health status,driving habits of accident drivers were compared with those of non-accident drivers.The difference between accident and non-accident drivers was analyzed,and the different influence factors were compared.Results: 1.The KMO moderate sampling value of Chinese version of the driving anger scale was 0.961 and can be used for factor analysis.Bartlett spherical test,approximately was51699.831,P<0.001,and the difference between the observed values and the original scale of each dimension after the revision is acceptable,which is a good explanation of the driving anger in different situations.The reliability and validity of the scale were tested,the total Cronbach 's of the scale was 0.943,and the total half reliability of the scale was 0.888.The repeated measurements of each variable and the Hotelling T square test results comprehensively reflected the good reliability of the scale.The results of this study show that the success rate of the convergence validity and the discriminative validity of the DAS scale is100%,indicating that the scale has better convergence validity and distinct validity.2.The fitted index RMSEA,CFI,GFI,IFI and NFI of the structural equation model were0.060,0.908,0.903,0.909 and 0.901 respectively.3.The scores of each dimension of the scale of the study are all smaller than the scores of the study in the United States,New Zealand and Spain,and the differences are statistically significant(P<0.001).It was found that with the increase of age and driving age,the degree of anger decreased when drivers faced rude driving,driving slowly,having police at the scene and driving illegally.The factors of driver health,including vision,hearing,sleep and chronic disease,were correlated with the score and total score of each dimension of the scale.Besidesthe dimensions of chronic diseases and traffic disorders,the health of drivers was significantly related to the degree of anger driving.Drivers who have bad driving behavior will experience a significant increase in anger when they encounter situations other than traffic barriers.4.A case control study of 344 case groups and 344 control groups was conducted.The drivers who had road traffic accidents scored lower in the hostilegestures,police presence,slow driving,discourtesy,trafficobstruction,and total angry driving than the drivers who did not have road traffic accidents in the past year.The difference has statistical significance(P<0.05),driving calls(OR=2.236,95%CI:01.502-3.339),common vehicles as wagons(OR=0.213,95%CI:1.27 17.852),driving license as A(OR=0.301,95%CI:0.104 to 0.874)are the factors of statistical significance in multiple factor Logistic regression analysis.The element(P <0.05).Conclusions: 1.The revised driving anger scale has higher reliability and validity and better model fitting which is suitable for Chinese drivers.2.The driving anger which was affected by many factors has become an important factor affecting road traffic safety.3,The incidence of accidents is high.Driving anger,common driving vehicles,sleeping conditions,driving and playing mobile phones,driving chatting and speeding are the dangerous factors that affect the occurrence of road traffic accidents. |
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