| Botanical garden is an important indicator of urban development; it has species conservation, plants exhibition, tourism and other functions with great value in popular science education and scientific research. As an important component of botanical garden, specialized garden is the unit which undertakes these functions. This paper has presented a study on specialized garden of botanical garden, and aims to research and analyze its development, classification and new method of designing.Through the research on the development and evolution of European and Chinese botanical gardens, the histories of specialized garden are summarized. Combine the history and contemporary botanical garden development situation in our country, the advantages and disadvantages of the Chinese botanical garden are evaluated. Based on the analysis, this paper suggests the point that improving the quality of specialized garden will further promote the development of botanical garden. With the research getting deeper, four representative specialized gardens of different times are analyzed in detail. Meanwhile, nearly 50 specialized gardens here and abroad are studied with researches on types and classification. And nine types of specialized garden are summarized.By analyzing the functions undertaken by different types of specialized gardens, and comparing and contrasting their functional focuses, this research has provided guidance for reasonable designing and implementing of specialized gardens. Specialized garden of botanical garden in new era has new requirements:in addition to updates on classification, the design methods are required to be more abundant, and the space construction should be more than just merely plant landscaping. In recent years, sustainable development, biodiversity conservation, and focus on tourism psychology has raised higher requirements on specialized garden design, therefore this paper also presents study on new design methods of specialized gardens. |
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