Urban Design Study On Waterfront Area Of Chongqing City Based On Landscape Ecology

The history of most important cities or urban areas in the world can be attributed to the history of the development alone the waterfront, the waterfront area in the city has a higher status traditionally. After the industrial revolution, the city's use of the river to reach the pinnacle of human history, a large number of urban functions, distributed in the waterfront area. Waterfront provides convenient transportation function for the city, sufferred city's industrial and domestic sewage, waste contamination. The original landscape ecology had been damaged.China's rapid urbanization has also brought more to the waterfront area of environmental pressures and ecological risks. Waterfront use in the last century has developped rapidly after 1990's, which has only 20 years of history, so that both practice and theory are deficiency. The current issue of the rising urban environment spawned the development of landscape ecological thinking, landscape ecology which is focusing on landscape environment had been more and more used in cities, and integrate with urban design that focus on space environment. Urban waterfront area as in a special ecotone, are sensitive to the regional urban ecology, but also has the natural landscape and artificial landscape features intertwined. Thus, the overall design of the integration of both practical and theoretical aspects of landscape ecology and urban design study are very necessary.Looking outside the waterfront area of urban design, landscape ecology has occupied a certain position, there have been some valuable theoretical exploration, such as the McHarg's introduction of landscape ecology waterfront area of urban design for the first time, Simonds also contributed the Greenway and other valuable ideas. But most of all seems lack of systematic reserch on organic integration of landscape ecology and urban design in waterfront. This paper proposes to landscape ecology as the guiding principle, with urban design methods for urban waterfront area of space to discuss, try to put a set of integrate advantages of landscape ecology and urban design of the waterfront.Chongqing waterfront area, including the Long River and Jialing River flowing through the section in Chongqing City, presents a unique "Two Rivers and Four Shores" pattern of evolution of urban development in Chongqing, and play the basic role in Chongqing's developmentt. With the value of its natural landscape, city image and economic, Waterfront is an important resource for urban development as a boost power. In 2008, Chongqing proposed the "five Chongqing" strategic thinking, attemp to increase the quality of urban enviroment. The strategies attached great importance to the development of waterfront areas. Chongqing has also organized several Globle urban design competitions for the waterfront area. Waterfront area in Chongqing City has 371.6 kilometers of coastline, contain undeveloped segment accounted for 93.44%; including the 253 square kilometer area, contain undeveloped area accounted for 65.90%, retain a large number of characteristics embodied in Chongqing city such as landscape mountains, shallow hill, natural green and wetlands valuable natural landscape elements. Therefore, how to embody urban design in the waterfront Landscape with landscape ecology of good landscape quality has become a priority.This article first described from a macroscopic point of view of the world's theory and practice on waterfront area of urban design embled with landscape ecology. Then put some issue focus on landscape ecology in Chongqing waterfront urban design, and then introduced the example of Chongqing New North Zone WaterFront Urban Design.