A Study On The Changes Of Historic Towns In Northern

China has achieved a rapid development both in economy and society, as well as in the level of urbanization in recent years. The urban space expands fast and constantly at the same time, the original urban landscape pattern is gradually broken and comes into new system of landscape pattern. With the process of changing in the urban landscape, some problems such as environmental pollutions and ecological destructions occur since the human activities affect and disturb the landscape pattern deeply and become the threats to the long-term developments of cities and countries. Through the research in the process of changes in urban landscape pattern, we can recognize the trend in different period of time and in different kinds of types in landscape, then provide some suggestions in both theoretical and practical references about the long-term sustainable development and optimization of urban landscape pattern.This paper is on the basis of the summary for related research and chooses the area of nothern Jiangsu Province as the geographical range of the study.This area is in a period of urban rapid development with huge development potential, and it has a stronger plasticity of the landscape pattern. While at the same time,it is easy to appear some problems such as blind development or improper planning in the rapid urbanization process. This paper analyzes the spatial and temporal changes of historical towns in northern Jiangsu provience, summarizes the stage, characteristics and spatial distribution of urban spatial and temporal changes, the basic pattern and its main effect of landscape change, at the same time, it researches the modern urban landscape in northern areas of land pattern studysince the reform and opening up, which is divided into three levels of northern Jiangsu area, county, town domain, chooses different research areas to construct the type of landscape ecology and uses landscape pattern index analysis method, prediction method of landscape pattern to analyse and forecast. Finally, the paper summarizes the the problems in urban landscape protection,and and puts forward some countermeasures and measures, the concrete contents and research conclusions of this paper are as follows:1. Temporal changes of historical towns in north area of Jiangsu is divided into four periods, the spatial distribution pattern of historical towns can be summed up as the historical cities and towns along the Huaihe belt, eastern coastal areas along the Beijing Hangzhou the Grande Canale. The historic towns distribution of geographical space including the northern Jiangsu area along the east coast, coastal beach area western range Huang Huai plain, northeast of Lianyungang hill and hillock area.2. The change pattern of historical towns landscape in northern area of Jiangsu mainly includes three aspects, namely "point-line-face" mode, "agglomeration-diffusion" mode, "geographic location-administrative division" mode, the main factors influencing the historical towns landscape changes including natural geographical factors, political factors, economic factors, cultural factors. The protecting of urban landscape faces two main problems, including urbanization and landscape protection aspects, the paper proposes certain measures and recommendations combined with the protection of the landscape to solve these problems.3.This paper use the GIS technology to deal with the land use classification data of JiangSu province, after obtain the vector data of each landscape type in the study area, some appropriate landscape pattern index are selected. Then in the level of patch types and overall landscape, carried on the analysis to the three periods(1980,1995,2008) of landscape pattern. The outcomes shows that the overall dynamic change of landscape pattern in north JiangSu is significant. Mainly Reflected in the obvious decrease of arable land; obvious growth of urban land, rural residential areas, and other construction land area. At the same time, the overall landscape structure tend to be more complicated and fragmentized.4.With the using of Markov chain model, this paper predicted the dynamic changes of landscape pattern in Northern urban during the year 2008-2025, The results show that during this period the overall landscape structure will be a relatively stable state, the area of the natural landscape feature class will slowly decrease,and it mainly flows to urban land and construction sites. Meanwhile, urban land size and construction land will continue to expand.