Study On The Temporal And Spatial Changes Of Historical And Cultural Villages And Towns In Jiangsu Province And Its Landscape Effects

With the high-speed development of urbanization in Jiangsu Province, historical and cultural towns here are facing a series of problems, such as area reduction, destruction of the natural landscape pattern, cultural landscape loss and so on. Exploring the natural veins context and traditional context of the historical and cultural towns and villages and coordinating the relationship between conservation and developments are the key to resolve those problems which the historical and cultural towns and villages confronted.Jiangsu province has various geographical environment and regional culture geography. After thousands of years of interaction between the natural and human environment, there are many distinctive rural landscapes formed in Jiangsu province. The paper studies the spatial and temporal changes of historical and cultural towns in Jiangsu Province, with using research approaches of literature survey, comparative analysis and empirical method. This article valuates the landscape effects of historical and cultural town in different regions combined with specific cases. Moreover, the paper sums up the basic model of landscape effects changes. Then, with the analysis of difficulties encountered in the development process of historical and cultural towns, the text provides significant advice for the protection and development of the historical and cultural towns and villages. The paper mainly obtained the following conclusions:(1)The spatial and temporal changes of historical and cultural towns in Jiangsu province have evolved through five main stages. During the Neolithic period, settlement of Jiangsu province mainly formed in the Huang-Huai region, the Yangtze River Delta, the Taihu Lake area and the area of Nanjing、Zhenjiang, Yang Zhou. From the SpringandAutumnperiod to the end of the Han dynasty, the settlement began to differentiation and villages and towns gradually formed; From the Southern and Northern Dynasties to the Song and Yuan dynasties, Part of the village development for the market or town, and the spatial pattern is line to plane combination; In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the town was flourished, the Spatial pattern present the state of multiple line combined with many faces; From the late Qing dynasty to the period of beforeliberation,the area of coastal and areasalongtheYangtzeRiver began to rise national industrial and commercial towns, and the town along the canal become recession; After liberation, combining tourism development and protection provide a new development direction to historical and cultural towns and villages.(2)The overall pattern of spatial distribution of historical and cultural towns in Jiangsu province shows a decreasing trend in the number and density from north to south and from east to west.(3)The influence factors of the change of time and space of historical and cultural towns and villages in Jiangsu province including natural geographical environment, social and cultural factors, and political and economic factors. Particularly, the Natural environment factors through the development of villages and towns each historical period, and had the most important influence to settlement of the formation and early development of the village.(4) The Historical and cultural towns landscape characteristics in Jiangsu province show the regional difference, and mainly displayed in the settlement characteristics and characteristics of rural landscape.(5) The basic pattern landscape change of historical and cultural towns and villages in Jiangsu province is that from dot to line, from line draw face as the basic way to expand and internal and external force to work together in the development, however, if the external force exceed certain limit could destroy the environmental features of the traditional texture, street space and architectural style.(6)Specific to the problems which occurred in the process of landscape protection that the historical and cultural towns and villages in Jiangsu province, this paper puts forward some reasonable and effective solutions, Mainly included that maintenance ecological balance and protect the environment outlook; inherit historical patterns and protect the space texture of traditional street; achieve organic update, popularize knowledge of protection, protect the authenticity of architectural monuments, avoid damage to the authenticity of life and reduce the destruction during protection process; improve and perfect the legal system and build a reasonable evaluation system.