Study On The Influence Of High - Speed Railway On Urban Spatial Structure

Transport is an important factor in promoting urban development. Historical experienceshows that every change in transportation will lead to profound changes in the structure andfunction of urban space. China is experiencing a rapid urbanization process, and the city isdeveloping at an unprecedented rate. In recent years especially, high-speed railway constructionis booming, which has drived urban growth and led tourban structure reconstruction. Toinvestigate the influence and the operation mechanism of the high-speed railway, and theimprovement of urban space structure adjustment are great significance for the implementationof new-type urbanization. Also, it is critical to the healthy development of regional economy andsociety. As railway transportation hub of Shandong province, as well as it has Jinan RailwayBureau, Jinan enjoys obvious advantages on developing railway traffic. Moreover,Beijing-Shanghai high speed railway makes Jinan be important hub of the national high-speedrail network. All of these points make Jinan a typical case to research the interrelationship ofurban development and high speed railway. Therefore, taking Jinan as a case study, and basedon combing previous research achievements, this thesis has draw several main conclusions asfollows.To begin with, from the regional, urban, and station-scale, high speed railway has significantinfluences on the urban space structure of Jinan. In terms of regional scale, through ArcGISnatural breakpoint method, we know that the high speed railway greatly expanded the hinterlandspace of Jinan city, and the rate is6.25times of expressway,12.76times of national highway. Asfor the daily-traffic-areas, high-speed rail way covers more cities, which have higher grade, andit presents a pattern of linear radiation. High speed railway has not only improved the contact ofJinan with other provinces and cities, but also benefited its primacy obviously. According to thepeople primacy ratio, there is a growing trend by contrast with the trend when the high railwayhas not been constructed. The economy primacy ratio however, indicates a declined trend at thesame period. In terms of urban-scale, the thesis has studied the evolution of the spatial structureand the space form in Jinan. And it is found that the high speed railway has changed the spatiallayout of urban population and industry, which furthermore changed the direction of urban landexpansion. Therefore, a multi-center structure is forming gradually in Jinan. In terms ofstation-scale, area next to the west railway station in Jinan becomes the new growth pole of thecity, and a pattern with the basic functional zone around the railway station (in a1000m radius),urban main functional zone around the railway station, and the outskirts zone is forming. It hasenhanced the land developing intensity of the surrounding area. Simultaneously, it has driven theformation of the largest estate market in Jinan. But on the other hand, with the rapiddevelopment of this area, some issues also existed. Next, the thesis has studied the influence mechanism of high speed railway on the urbanspace structure. The construction of high speed railway has changed the urban space structurefrom many aspects. Firstly, the hub station of high speed railway is the growth pole of the space.High speed railway has brought unprecedented impact on the way of transportation, travel time,and the space-time concept of people, and it has a great influence in rapid transit, servicedelivery and distribution of business activities. Simultaneously, the hub region of high-speedrailway has changed the appearance, function and status of the city leading to the appearance ofa large number of city agglomerations, such as the corresponding business offices, commercialand residential activities, which forms a new growth pole of the city. Secondly, the promotion ofthe urban accessibility has improved the location superiority. In order to reveal the influence ofhigh speed railway on the regional accessibility and the industry cluster layout effect, this thesishas measured the difference of the traffic accessibility of ten cities which has built high-speedrailway station recently. Thirdly, the improvement of location superiority has promoted theformation of the industry clusters. By analyzing the influence of high speed railway on theindustrial concentration and industrial transformation, we can draw the following conclusions:the high speed railway can improve the location superiority, which furthermore has changed theindustry layout. Fourthly, the compression of time and space has resulted in the spatial structurereorganization, and the great evolution of the urban development pattern.In the end, it has proposed several optimization strategies to improve the influence of thehigh-speed railway construction on spatial structure of Jinan City. In the area of high speedrailways, Jinan is confronted with issues such as limited land development, unbalanced growthof the urban structure, urban space with no characteristics, the inside and outside transportationbeing lack of connection and lack of residents. This thesis has put forward main ideas tooptimize the urban space from macroscopic, middle and microcosmic perspectives. Also, thethesis has proposed some feasible measures of optimization, which includes the connection ofinside and outside transportation, optimization of industrial spatial arrangement, promotion ofthe fusion of urban structure and function as well as bilateral circulating and sounddevelopment.