Study On Highway Landscape Evaluation Method

Highway which is one of the national important infrastructures becomes the important chunnel that contacts the city and city, with the economy development the highway construction strength is also enlarged year by year. The transportation becomes more and more fast and convenient, promoting our country society economy of development rise very greatly. The landscape of highway is a formative landscape of highway, including the natural landscape and the humanity landscape and it is a highway to know together as its surroundings landscape, a kind of function, appreciate, art and person and nature of comprehensive landscape system of the exchanges. The highway landscape evaluation is an edge science that crosses over the natural science and social science and it is also a new science and technology realm currently. Its meaning lies in view that can predict and evaluate to construct the item to result in some particular region's affect to show the markedness and strength, and should adopt what homologous improvement the deceleration measure. Therefore, bringing into the view evaluation in the highway construction item during the process of construction and using the highway is very important to protect the landscape resources and rise the environment affected the usefulness of evaluation. Some countries such as Germany, England, the United States etc., carry on the research on the highway landscape early and obtained some results. In our country the construction of the highway landscape and the related theories develop slowly. People in early days as to its the value that natural environment and the sense of vision quantities still can not know the necessity, but raised continuously level along with the physical life, the people's request to the road environment view also will become more and more higher. At the same time because the highway landscape problems have the strongly comprehensive and various view main factors reflect mutually set off, interaction of the dynamic state space.It is not that only the EIA can resolve. The research on what want to resolve the inconsistency between the great development of the highway and the slow development of the landscape and program the beautiful visual landcape will first the valid highway that build up the necessity landscape evaluation system, which is worth to the landscape of the highway subsequently and the evaluation carry on the thorough study and research. This is the protection, design that guides the highway landscape and reform a count for much and the work of the necessity. The thesis take attention on the highway landscape evaluation in medium, studies on some theories of the landscape.The thesis is based on full investigation national and international methods of the highway landscapee and studies the main evaluation method and the landscape evaluation index system with the foundation of existing data.The principle is comprehensive, science, independent, combining with quantity method and nonquantity method, perspicuity and maneuverability. Consult the highway environment influence evaluation, the ecosystem environment influence evaluation and various landscape index system, using inside and outside method, the brains storm method, Delphi method etc. set up a highway landscape evaluation index system with complete, many layers and independence, namely the visual environment quantity of landscape -the ecosystem environment quantity of landscape -resources value of landscape, including 61 subordinate index. The thesis uses the AHP method to make sure the important degree of each index. The step include: confirm purpose; certain index system of evaluation; build up step-up layers; constitute judgment matrix;arrange layers and consistency examinations; arrange chief layers and consistency examinations. The thesis according to the evaluation method of the national and international related field and choose the faint-synthesis evaluation method to evaluate the highway landscape. This method is combined quantity and nonquantity method together, being applicable to the synthesis problem such as the highway landscape evaluation. The index system could completely and directly reflect the problem of the highway landscapee. While carrying on a special research should combine the different cities, different districts to choose the index and ensure the important degree of the index. The thesis chooses three highways that have the representative highway to carry on the example evaluation, difference for grow the Changping freeway the Yantu freeway and the highway of Hunchun. Make sure the concrete index system and evaluate with the faint-synthesis method according to the characteristics of each road segment. The results show that the highway landscape evaluation index system the thesis established can reflect the difference of the highway landscape in a specific way, and can reflect the different degree. The index system the thesis set up could reflect the actual circumstance and have the good reference value to the research work of the aftertime. Appling the faint-synthesis evaluation method, its result can accurately and objectly reflect the actual circumstance of the highway, the method, which is brief and easy, have the practicability and can reflect the weak aspects. It could provide the basis to set up the road segment for improving the measure and to construct the road segment for the design, construction, management, maintain etc. The works all have the profound meaning. The thesis provides the foundation of the highway landscape evaluation. The theories of the index system and the method of the evaluation provide the beneficial reference for the highway landscape research. Existent parts of problems in this thesis need to be developed...