ZGC Specialized Science Parks: Planning, Development And Management

As a new economic growth model, science and technology parks (or simply sciencepark as it is used) have been attracting the attentions and participations from theChinese governments, universities and institutions of scientific research and alsoentrepreneurs in the field since 1990s, and approached a good social and economicresult.Started in 1999, the Zhongguancun (ZGC) Science Park has speedup again on itsdevelopment of the park construction. Hi-tech industries in Beijing have been seenfast growth and have become the increasing economic point to reinforce nationalpower and regional economics, also a new economic model for modulating industrialstructure to improve employment rate and financial revenue. Science park as animportant physical carrier and economic phenomenon to the development of hi-techindustries, its planning, development and construction, together with its operationmanagement are the key elements to science park smoothly developing.Reviewing the nearly two decades history of science park development andmanagement, we see not only the great advances it has been made, but also gapsbetween the developed countries and regions, and resources wasting and loweconomic and social efficiencies due to lack of guidance of proper theories andexperiences.It was an innovation and exploration in the newly developing specialized science parkdevelopment models to adopt previous land development by corporate developerinstead of government organizations. Many practical experiences have been gainedthrough the years gone by.This paper tries to discuss and analyze the development models of specialized scienceparks, and mainly stress on the research of the issues encountered in park planningand operating managements. Some of the suggestions and advices have been raised tothe issues mentioned in the chapters. It is a significant contribution in adjusting theway of park development, exerting the conjunctive effectiveness of both industrialand urban space planning and selecting a more reasoning park operating model inZGC specialized science parks to achieve a healthy development of science parkeconomics.