| The performance-based seismic design theory is a new concept in the civil engineering field since 1990's. Much attention has been paid to study it and much research has been done. Direct displacement-based seismic design is one of the methods of the performance-based seismic design theory. There are two steps to design a structure according to the seismic code, design the structure according to the bearing capacity at first, then check the deformation of the designed structure. However, in the direct displacement-based seismic design, the displacement is the controlling parameter and it can control the action of the structure under the earthquake action.This paper recalled the development process of structure seismic design theory, introduced the concept and design steps of displacement-based seismic design at first. And then, the method (direct displacement-based seismic design) was used for a reinforced concrete frame design and was compared with the force-based procedure on the deformation and the ration of reinforcement according to the seismic code, the displacement model was deduced and the influence of displacement model on direct displacement-based seismic design was also studied.From the design example we knew that the structure designed with direct displacement-based seismic design can control the displacement better than the structure designed according to the seismic design code because displacement or deformation can reflect the performance of the structure better than that of strength or capacity. However, more reinforcing bars were used in the structure designed with direct displacement-based seismic design and sometimes the sections should be increased when the shock grade is increased. From the analysis through different displacement model we knew that different displacement model directly influenced the outcome of a calculation based on direct displacement-based seismic design and we should do more research on the displacement model of the structure.
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