Study On Prevention And Control Strategy Of Birdstrike At The Airport & Design And Realization Of The Birdstrike Safety's Assessment System

Birdstrike, by definition, is the bird collision on aircraft. However, such safety accidents occur when the aircrafts are taking off, aviating or landing. Following the development of aircraft manufacturing, birdstrike has become one of the main threats to aviation safety at the airports. Hence many researches have been carried out about birdstrike, and the results show that the majority of birdstrike disasters took place in the aerodromes and their neighboring areas, most of which happened during airplanes' flying-off, climbing, approaching, or landing moments. Therefore, aerodrome is the pivotal area to prevent and control birdstrike.Based on the comprehensive investigation, this research systematically analyzed the avian community in the area of HongQiao International Airport, and the relationship between avian community and its habitat, thus discussed the prevention and control strategy of birdstrike at the airport; According to the results, we designed and realized the birdstrike safety's assessment system considering the actual situation of the airport. As a result, the birds' hazard to the aviation safety could be assessed, meanwhile the relevant prevention and control measures were offered if necessary. The advantages of this research are following: (1) the blank of study on prevention and control of birdstrike at night hasn't been filled in the world. We examined the satellite map to confirm the location of the nightly birds within airport area, where the diurnal investigation was conducted so as to make sure the populations, quantities and behaviors of the nightly birds. Furthermore, using the telescope for the night, we stayed at the airport until midnight and observed the nightly birds and the birds that inhabited in the aerodrome, then analyzed the nightly situation of the birdstrike with the reference of analysis of birds' food; (2) there is no domestic assessment criterion concerning birdstrike as yet. Referring to the methods of environment assessment, we introduced AHP method to evaluate the birdstrike, on basis of which birdstrike safety's assessment system was established. The major conclusions from this research are following:1. The investigation of birds' situation in airport area: Among four types of habitats in the airport area, the woodland had the highest Shannon-Weiner index, evenness index, and density but lowest dominance index of avian community. Moreover, the sequences of diversity and density were: woodland > pond and pound > grassland > residential area; The similarity of avian community between farm and parking apron was the highest; Passer montanus saturatus, Falco tinnuculus, Columba sp., Hirundo rustica, Streptopelis chinensis chinensis and Lanius schach schach were the chief threats to aviation safety in the daytime while Nycticorax nycticorax during night.2. Analysis of factors attracting birds in airport area: Taking all the results into account, we concluded that seven factors attracted birds into the airport: (1) food; (2) water; (3) shelter; (4) factor of migration and aviation; (5) factor of climate and weather; (6) human factor.3. Study on habitat selection of birds around the airport: The birds tended to inhabit in the habitats that had higher vegetation coverage and lower human disturbance;...