Water is the origin of life. Both the human production and social development can't go without water. With the economy and society development, in many regions especially the arid areas, where water resources is scared, ecological water is occupied by production and daily life, which leads to the environment deterioration which influences the economy and society development. Some ecological water conservancy project is launched in acid areas in order to improve the environment. In this article, the ecological water conservancy project in Heihe valley is taken as an example to research the effect of the project. The article contains content as follows.Firstly, it describes the main content of the research on the effect of the ecological water conservancy project, the principle of the research.Secondly, it discusses the train of thought to appraise the effect of water conservancy project, the index system and the way to research which provide the theory guide and support for the further research on the effect of the ecological water conservancy project.Thirdly, it constructed the appraisal index system and discusses the index system in ecological, economical and social aspects.Fourthly, it puts researches on the effect of the ecological water conservancy project by fuzzy pattern identification mode and fuzzy artificial neural networks mode.Fifthly, it takes the ecological water conservancy project in Heihe valley as an example and gives a objective, scientific appraisal on the effect of the project by research the ecological improvement, social response and the economical effect.Finally, it provides the conclusion and the question for the further research.
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