Ultimate Concern For Human Beings On Architecture: Preliminary Study On The Design Of Modern Urban Cemetery

Cemetory is a place which for burying the dead and recalling the dead. It is not only the essential part of people's lives, but also the important part of the cities. Against the background of the modern city, urban development and population expansion made the cities creating a huge demand for the urban cemetories. In this case, traditional cemetories could not meet the needs of the urban development already in many aspects. But, in our contury, because of people's escaping from death theme, the research and discussion of burial architecture are more limited to the field of archaeology and culture. Although some progress have been made in the aspect of landscape recently, the absence of research in architecture which against the background of the modern city is still existing.On the base of consulting lots of related reference and resorting to scene investigation, this paper systematically treats of the modern urban cemeteries to providing convenient and easy-to-use first hand materials and methods for cemetery design in the future.Because cememtory is a kind of architecture which embody spiritual culture, for the first step, the paper is start with the spiritual foundation on which the cemetory could exist to analyse the fundamental culture and emotion for cemetory design. It is inculd the spiritual root of funeral and interment, the different parts of culture of death both in the east and the west and contemporary new funeral culture in our country. They are the basic contents which the cememtory design relying on. Then, it introduces the developmental process of the modern cememtory both in the east and in our country. During it, the useful typical design methods and arch-types which for the future design are been summed up. The third part is about the relationship between cemetory and morden city. In this part, many questions about cemetery construction of our country in these days have been posed. Under the direction of some city theories, the paper point out that location of the cemetery should preserve the integrity of urban landscape, the type of cemetery architecture should choose dimensional cemetery congregate building for saving land. And the interior design of cemetery should integrate with modern urban architectural style to make it keep up with the times while having raditionity and Regionality. In part four, the methods of cemetery design against the background of the modern city are been discussed at large. It is begin with theme selection of the cemetery space, then go to the general layout which is guided by the theme (construction methods of spiritual space). The discussion is from several aspects, such as modeling the environmental space, modeling the ceremonial space and using the natural elements which are in the space. About the architectural image, cemetery congregate building is the object of the discussion.Here using building types and architective semiotic have been emphasized and some relevant designmethods have been summed up.Taken together, in the light of the specific conditions in our country, now, we need to further improved people's comprehension about death. Start developing cemetery congregate building use secluded form. And I hope the research results before could do a good benefit for the design in the future.