Discussion On Recreational Activities And The Planning And Design Of The Urban Parks In Mountain Areas

Human has been closely related to mountain areas since the ancient time. With the development of the society, people get deeper understanding on mountain areas and form consummate ideas about the mountain areas. China is a mountainous country, in which the mountain areas occupies two-third of the national territory, and the population and towns in mountain areas are about half of the total number. Therefore the urban parks in mountain areas have broad geographical distribution.The advancement of science and technology promoted the development of the productive power and productivity, which brings much more free time to human beings. As far back as the 60s in last century, American sociologist Daniel Bell proposed that the society in the future would be a leisure society and people would be faced with the social problems of the pressure of leisure time for the first time. With the application of the two-day weekends and "Nine to Five" in China, people have more leisure time to engage in recreational activities. Modem life style changes cause the change of recreational demands, which becomes more diverse in breadth and depth.Because of the particularity of the natural space, climate and ecological conditions, the parks in mountain areas have been the important places for the public to be close to nature. With the trend of the parks to be open to the public free of charge, parks in mountain areas will be more popular with tourists. But the traditional planning and design of parks continues to use the classic garden skills and the inflexibly functional zoning, which takes the parks as works of art. It neglects the change of life style, the improvement of life structure and the character of users' interests and demands. What kind of parks can attract the tourists with the constant change of the citizens' life style? How tourists to utilize the facilities in the parks? What kind of space and facilities could satisfy the demands of tourists? They are all becoming the urgent problems in park design.By the application of some correlative knowledge of tourism, recreational planning, behavior psychology and the investigation of main urban parks in mountain areas in Chongqing, this thesis analyzes the characters of the tourists' recreational activities and the effects of integrants on tourism activities in the parks in mountain areas, then it explores the planning and design of urban parks in mountain areas based on the tourists' recreational activities. There are six parts in the thesis:Part one: history review. It reviews the theories and practices of the park design at home and abroad, and points out that to satisfy the citizens' recreational activity is an important function of the urban parks in modern cities. And then it sums up the research achievements in this field to learn lessons from them.Part two: introduction. It proposes the causes for choosing this title, the research contents and the methods applied.Part three: analysis on the recreational activities in the parks in mountain areas. It sums up the types of the recreational activities and the characters of the different populations' recreational activities in the parks in mountain areas.Part four: analysis on the integrants of urban parks in mountain areas and the tourists' recreational activities. It analyzes the effects of the natural integrants (terrain, plants, water) and the artificial integrants (landscape architects, garden paths, ground and facilities) on the recreational activities respectively.Part five: exploration on the countermeasures of the design and planning of the urban parks in mountain areas based on the tourists' recreational activities. On the basis of the survey of the main urban parks in mountain areas in Chongqing, it sums up three dominant factors having the effects on urban parks in mountain areas, and provides the basic design principles of the urban parks based on the recreational activities. Finally it discusses how the integrants of the parks to satisfy tourists' recreational demands.Part six: conclusion. In this part the thesis preliminary generalizes that the design and planning of urban parks in mountain areas should conform to the individuality and generality of environmental psychology of tourists' recreational activities.