Study Of Fire Prevention For Ancient Constructions With Wood And Brick-wood Structure

These ancient constructions,which have been fortunately preserved until now and through ruins of rains and storms for thousands of years ,bear too much information of history and become numerous precious treasure houses.However,many factors endanger the ancientconstruction security,the one of the main and the most destructive of which is the disaster-fire.The fires break out frequently ,which appears the feasibility and the urgency of the fire prevention research for ancient constructions and also undertakes the history to entrust a generation with the responsibility. The article mainly takes the ancient constructions with wood and brick-wood structure which have lower fireproof rank as the subject ,and as well lays the emphasis on the practical examples of fire prevention in the north, especially in Shanxi Province;and carries on discussion.The whole article is divided into five chapters.The first chapter presents the current situation of the ancient constructions and examines them carefully by collecting and enumerating the examples available.Ancient constructions with kinds of wood and brick wood structures amount to 18118 in Shanxi Province,one of the national cultural relic bigger province.In the national and provincial key cultural relic preservation organizations,the constructions with wood structure accout for 55%.Moreover the loss caused y the fires is incalculability.For this reason,the author selects and raises the valuable topic and shows the urgency and the profound significancy of the fire prevention for the ancient constructions.The second chapter summarizes the remarkable characteristic of the ancient constructions with wood and brick- wood structure according to the constructional aspects such as the location selection,the architectual composition ,the structural style and the building materials;and analyzes the reason which the fire forms by preventing fires;and proposes that the ancient constructions demonstrate ,on the one hand the traditional construction art and unique ethetic value,on the other hand the congenital deficiency in preventing the fire,and also the particularity and complexity in preventing the fire as well as the severe consequence caused by the fire.The third chapter concerns the fire prevention experience from the ancient times till now and the condition ,process and conclusion in which the modern fire security evolve scientifically ;and summarizes the design idea" repeating the funtion but neglecting the fire prevention "and the value orientation "repeating the esthetic value but neglecting the pragmatical value".It is suggested that we should focus attention on the advanced theorical research on the fire prevention at home and aboard and the fire prevention practice with opening judgement. The breakthrough thought decides the potential, inspires the new mentality ,and explores new tentative plan to the fire prevention.The fourth chapter proposes" the three divisions "method (the management of the graduation protection, classified protection and district protection) under the consideration of the fire prevention of the ancient constructions, and the "three X" of the technical stratification( the fire plan manufacture ,the performance fire protection design and the comprehensive preventing and controlling mentality of the information system establishment).The core of the three divisions "distiguishes the treatment and inclines key.And the core of the three x is that according to the complexity ,the multiplicity and the dispersivity of the ancient contrucions,if the function can correspond the fire preventioin standard ,the antient constructions can be carried out by the fire plan manufacture ;if the function can not correspond the fire prevention standard ,the kind of unique ancient constructions should be carried out by the performance fire prevention design,which could achieve the performance goal by the purpose of the fire prevention from the hypothetical fire scene,and be guaranteed to realise by the flexible ,strongly operational and pointed method,and to be optimized in the process of evaluation and improvement.The information system establishment needs to introduce the computer management system ,build the ancient construction fire prevention information resource storehouses,promote the monitoring ability and the reaction rate to govern the fire in order to avoid the fire or reduce the loss of the fire.In the fifth chapter,the author discusses how to realize the bankground of the comprehensive prevention and control,plan to propose to the education and training of the poeople ,establish the mangement mechanism,and prevent and govern the fire legally;and ponders the tentative plan and viewpooints ;and introduces the general knowledge and skill to prevent and govern the fire.The structural style of the full text basically follows the logical train of thought:surveying the current situation,selecting and determinning the topic,finding out the reason,discovering the insufficiency,seeking the mentality,using for ancient and modern reference ,drawing up the method,preventing and controlling comprehensively,setting up the safeguard and establishing the background;and carries out the preliminary discussion in view of the fire prevention for ancient constructions with the wood and brick-wood structure.