Study On Fire Spread Characteristics And Fire Prevention Countermeasures Of Traditional Brick And Wood Structure Dwellings In Northern Jiangsu

Under the background of the integration of the north and the south,the traditional folk houses in northern Jiangsu have the architectural features of the northern and southern folk houses,forming a very local architectural form.As an important material cultural heritage,its research and protection is conducive to the further exploration of the original history and culture,traditional features and local customs.However,the existing residential buildings in this area are mostly brick and wood structures in the Ming and Qing dynasties,which are vulnerable to fire due to flammable materials,insufficient spacing between fire prevention and rescue,and other problems.In addition,there is a lack of research on fire spread characteristics and fire protection of traditional dwellings in northern Jiangsu,which leads to the lack of pertinence of fire prevention countermeasures proposed.Through the combination of empirical analysis and numerical simulation,this thesis makes an in-depth analysis of the existing fire safety hazards of traditional dwellings in northern Jiangsu Province.By studying the fire development and spread law,this thesis reveals the fire spread characteristics and fire prevention weaknesses of traditional dwellings in northern Jiangsu Province,so as to propose adaptive fire control planning and fire prevention technical countermeasures.It provides an effective reference for the fire protection of traditional residential buildings.The main research contents are as follows:(1)Through the thermogravimetric analysis experiment on the repaired wood in the traditional folk houses in northern Jiangsu,the pyrolysis process curves of each wood were obtained,and the differences of pyrolysis parameters(moisture content,carbon residue,pyrolysis characteristic temperature,etc.)between modern wood and repaired wood were explored.By establishing wood pyrolysis kinetics equation,specific pyrolysis kinetics parameters were obtained,which provided scientific and reliable parameters for indoor fire simulation of traditional residential buildings in northern Jiangsu.(2)Through field research and literature review,the characteristics of the existing traditional folk houses in northern Jiangsu are sorted out,and their hidden fire safety risks and fire hazards are analyzed from the aspects of building structure,courtyard layout,fire safety management and fire fighting facilities.At the same time,typical residential buildings within the research scope are selected as the research object,and the type,quantity,size and distribution of indoor combustibles are investigated and counted,and the fire load density and duration of each building are calculated to provide data support for the setting of fire scenes.(3)Select the typical traditional residential houses in northern Jiangsu as the research object,establish a reasonable fire scene model,simulate the smoke spreading phenomenon and law of different individual buildings under fire,obtain the change law of temperature,visibility,CO concentration and so on at different times,and analyze the influence of completely burned building on adjacent buildings.Thus,the fire spread characteristics and fire prevention weakness of traditional folk houses in northern Jiangsu are obtained,which provides effective data support for the proposal of fire prevention measures.(4)Taking the ancient dwellings of Hubushan in Xuzhou as an example,aiming at the existing weak points of fire prevention,adaptive fire prevention renovation measures were proposed,including the improvement of material fire performance,the setting of fire prevention and smoke prevention measures,the fire prevention renovation of doors and Windows openings,and the installation of fire detection and fire extinguishing facilities,and the effectiveness of fire prevention measures was verified by FDS software.At the same time,in view of the fire hazards of traditional dwellings such as insufficient fire spacing,difficulty in fire rescue,and poor evacuation of personnel,the three-level division of fire protection area and the systematic planning of safety evacuation and fire rescue system are proposed.The research on the fire of traditional folk houses in northern Jiangsu can provide reference for the construction of fire prevention system and the improvement of fire fighting ability of traditional folk houses in this area in the future.