Research On The Challenges In The Process Of Green Belt Constructions In China And The Countermeasures

Greenbelt refers to a basically closed green open space which is allocated around the urban planning and construction district. Its primary function is to prevent city to sprawl aggressively, and to balance the region's ecological environment is another important one for greenbelt. Greenbelt belongs to the special-use land around the city, while on the operation level it belongs to Restricted Development Zone, managed by special organization devoted to the greenbelt. The essential feature of greenbelt is permanence, while its basic character is openness.The definition of Greenbelt was first proposed by William Petty in the 17th century, and its construction began in England at the end of the 19th century to control the rapid expansion of London. After World War II many countries introduced this policy into the urban planning system. It seems that the Greenbelt plays an undoubtly active role in both controlling the city's terrible expansion and protecting the ecological environment of the city. Therefore, when facing the same issue on the rapid City's expansion and environmental degradation, many cities in China have introduced the Greenbelt to deal with these difficult ones. Because there are many challenges at all levels, however, the construction of the Greenbelt in China seems difficult.The paper gives an exact definition of Greenbelt in the beginning, and emphasizes its principal and secondary function,. Especially the paper analysis the differences between shelter belt, green gallery, ecological corridor, road greenbelt and the Greenbelt so that the definition of greenbelt becomes clearly. Based on inquiring the histories of the Greenbelt development in England and South Korea which were the most representative countries, the author sums up the experience and lessons on the constructions of the Greenbelt. The author also pays a great attention on discovering the main challenges of the Greenbelt's construction, and concludes that the major challenges contain the following aspects: the limitations of the urban space dynamics, city government's attitude towards greenbelt and the public psychological needs determined by specific stage of economic development; the incompletion of the Greenbelt regulations and related policies; some specific problems during the construction process. Thus the paper proposes solutions from the planning level, the institutional level as well as relevant regulations level of the Greenbelt to attempt to solve the problems.