A Study Of Incremental Urban Planning Model

On the way of the development of urban planning theory, the rational model occupies an important guiding position. In the 1950s and 1960s, scholars began to criticize the rational model from various points of view, which resulted in many defects in urban planning. Lindblom's incremental decision-making model also led to a totally new incremental urban planning model directly, and also directly made the revolutionary changed with self-identity in urban planning. As a result, domestic scholars began to summarize and reconsider China's urban planning system, criticized the blueprint planning from a multidisciplinary perspective and provided their solutions. In 2002, the Chinese governments began to reform the urban planning system in the whole country, which focused on the short-term development plan, and began to practice the incremental decision-making model in urban planning system. This reform improved the effectiveness of that type of urban planning, however, China's urban planning system also needed to reform from the comprehensive urban planning, the short-term development planning, as well as the civil participation.This paper summarizes the development of urban planning theory, and then starts to dissertate the incremental urban planning model from a perspective of decision-making. To be more clearly, this study has two main purposes: Firstly, it analyzes Lindblom's incremental decision-making model and dissertates the incremental urban planning model. Lindblom's incremental decision-making model cast a large shadow on urban planning theory; however, there hadn't been a clear and systemic interpretation on the incremental urban planning model in the academic world. Therefore, this paper summarizes the academic literature of urban planning and attempts to interpret the incremental urban planning model clearly. Secondly, after summing up the reform of urban planning in our country, this paper tries to improve our country's incremental urban planning model. In order to solve this problem, which China's urban-planning can not effectively control the cities'development, the central government and municipal governments reformed the urban planning system through focusing on the short-term development planning. I believe that this reform established the incremental urban planning model preliminarily. In order to achieve the city's development goals through incremental decision-making model, we also need to reform the urban planning system from the comprehensive urban planning, the short-term development planning, as well as the civil participation.This paper consists five parts:The first part is a brief review of the academic literature. Through reviewing the development of urban planning theory, this study interprets the origin of the concept of incremental decision-making in urban planning field. In a century of urban planning theories'development, rational model occupies an important position. Lindblom criticized the rational model and put forward to the incremental decision-making model. His theory had a far-reaching influence on urban planning theory.The second part interprets the incremental urban planning model. After summarizing the development of urban planning theory, this paper interprets the meaning, characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of the incremental urban planning model. The so-called incremental urban planning model is a kind of decision-making model, which urban planning policy makers try to solve new problems in the city's development, through assessing the implementation of the existed planning, make marginal changes and form a new city planning; It uses incremental approach to make urban planning continually, and gradually achieves the city's development goals. Despite there are some drawbacks in the incremental decision-making model, it better fits to the actual process of urban planning and particularly suits for China's urban planning practice ,which has significant serviceability, so it is worthy of learning.The third part is that the practice of incremental urban planning model in China. From 2002, in order to solve the problem of effectiveness of the blueprint urban planning, the central government and local city governments began to reform the urban planning system which focused upon short term planning. I believe that the reform preliminarily established China's incremental urban planning model, because this reform followed the idea of incrementalism, based on city's reality, and adopted incremental planning making method in the circle of 5 years; which is suitable to the characteristics of incremental urban planning model. Then, this paper analyzes the practice of urban planning in Tianjin, Guangzhou and Shenzhen, and believes the incremental urban planning model has some new development in local cities'practice, and further pointes out the drawbacks in the comprehensive urban planning, the short-term development planning and public participation.The fourth part is that the improvement of China's incremental urban planning model. Firstly, the comprehensive urban planning should simplify the contents, constitutes the city's strategic goals according to the environment, and constantly adjusts or amends the goals in practice. In order to prevent the comprehensive urban planning from randomly modifying and losing its effectiveness, supervision should be strengthened strictly and the statutory procedures should be regulated for the revision. In other words, the comprehensive urban planning is needed to realize the rule of law. Secondly, the relationship between the comprehensive urban planning and the short-term development planning should be recognized clearly; the short-term development planning also need to improve reform in the terms of issue-oriented planning process and assessment and feedback mechanisms. Thirdly, public participation in urban planning needs to reform in three aspects: the legal status, the right and the multiple channels of public participation in urban planning.The fifth part concludes the whole text. It reiterates the basic viewpoints of this paper. The incremental urban planning model is suited to the city's development. In the view of the incremental urban planning model, China's urban planning model needs to be further improved to effectively control the development of cities while avoiding the failure of the static blueprint planning, and to achieve the desired goals of cities with incremental urban planning process. However, the analysis of this paper is premature and there are also many shortcomings.