The Case Study Of Water Issues And Deployments Under The Pressure Of Urbanization In The Middle And Downstream Of Han River In China

The middle and downstream of Han River Catchment is the most important part of Hubei Province. With the implement of Middle Route of South-to-North Water Tansfer Project, the urbanization of this region will be accelerated but the disadvantage effect is obviously due to the reduction of gross water. The urbanization level of this region is lower than the country level at present that leads to plenty of water is consumed by agriculture. Both the rate of agriculture and the ration of agriculture water consumption are very high. The water resource availabled in the region isn't rich at same time it is limited by many factors, such as the unbalance of spatial-temporal distribution of water resource, the lack of self-produced water etc. The result of that is per capita and per unit of farmland water availabled are less than the country level. The water conflict between urban and countryside as well as industry and agriculture will take on a new look under the pressure of urbanization, so water crisis could occur without improvement of water consumption patterns at present. Analysis from the past research work, integrated and quantitative research is limited so far and there is lack of the integrated case study of water deployments under the pressure of urbanization in the middle and downstream of Han River Catchment. So this paper is highlighted in the effection of population and industrial structure change to the balance of supply-demand of water and visualization of quantitative data based on spatial analysis by Geography Information System(GIS) as well as reasoning to key factors by the method of Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP) then making conclusions and countermeasures.Mainly research conclusions:â… In weightness estimation of all indexs on the balance between supply and demand of water, the agriculture water consumptions of Xiangfan, Jinmen and Wuhan are the most important based on AHP analysis because farmed population is dominant and the proportion of agriculture is high comparatively in this region. The industry and ecology water consumption of Wuhan and the agriculture water consumption of Xiangfan and Jinmen are the key factors. Only limit of the total of water consumption will ensure the stable urbanization in this region under the pressure of water reduction. The ration of irrigation is the crucial factor of water balance. Industrial sewage leads to the degradation of water environment and the benefit of water consumption lies on the development of services.â…¡The pressure on water environment is heavily in the region due to absence of ecology water consumption in a long run. According to the research it indicates that the weightness of ecology water consumption is higher than the weightness of industrial and living water consumption in Wuhan city. This is not only the need of the sustainable development but also the compensation of the degradation of water environment. It is noticeable that the weightness of the service production value is same to the weightness of industrial sewage in Wuhan city. It can be inferred that the degradation of water environment caused by industrial sewage is so heavily that it maybe counteract the benefit from the services in Wuhan city.â…¢The sustainable development of the middle and downstream of Han River Catchment is dependent on not only the limit of the total water consumption but also the protection of water environment on the pressure of the reduction of water resource. The countermeasures are following, ensurement of industrial sewage up to standard discharge, the implement of water recycling usage and reduction of the gross sewage etc.