Study On Environmental Safety For Rivers Drinking Water Source Area

The protection and prevention of pollution for drinking water source area is directly relates the development of national economy and the health of people. Controlling the pollution of drinking water source area and improving the water quality have become an great event that whole nation concerns.Firstly, this article reviewed the domestic and foreign research progress of the water safety evaluation, the water source safety evaluation and the correlation laws and regulations. Then it summarized the present situation of security as well as the existed question of our country's drinking water source area. On the basis of this, it constructed the assessment index system for rivers drinking water source area environmental safety, and fixed the correlation evaluation criteria for the first time, and selected the analytic hierarchy process to be the main assessment method. Finally it assessed the environmental safety of NanJing's 5 using river-drinking water source area.The evaluation index system that constructed by this article is divided into two levels. The first level index mainly involves 4 indexes which are the water quality, the pollution situation of the protected area, the environmental risk and the guarantee measure of water quality safety. The second level index mainly involves 16 indexes, which are deleterious organic matter, Permanganate index, petroleum kind,NH3-N,TP,volatility phenol, the drain outlet in one or two level protected area, farmland runoff, city life pollutant, village life pollutant, dock and factory and so on. The establishment of evaluation criteria also fully used the method of the reference of (?)xisting standard, the evaluation by expert, the unification of qualitative and ration and so on.This article mainly used the analytic hierarchy process to determine the weight. On the basis of this, it used the synthesis exponential method to evaluate the environmental safety rank of drinking water source area. According to the security condition, the appraisal result is divided into 3 levels: Safety, less Safety and danger. The research result indicates that The Ba Gua Zhou Shang Ba drinking water source area is a safe area,Ja Jiang drinking water source area,Yan Zi Ji drinking water source area and Jiang Pu Pu Kou drinking water source area are less Safer areas, and Shang Yuan Men drinking water source area is a dangerous area.Finally, this article brought forward the following measures for reinforcing the environmental security of drinking water source area:â‘ repair the unlicensed buildings in the first level protected area;â‘¡the prevention of pollution project and the restoration and construction of ecology project in the second level and preparative protected area: Isolative and protective measure, the prevention of point source pollution project, the prevention of surface source and others pollution project, the renovation and construction of ecology project;â‘¢the construction of emergency ability and early warning monitor system;â‘£the construction of environmental management ability and so on.The research of environmental safety of drinking water source area is still at the preliminary stage, though this article has carried on the useful exploration, it still needs further study in the following aspects:â‘ to perfect the index system;â‘¡to reinforce the study of criterion;â‘¢to reinforce the union of high and new technology such as GIS.The research of this article has great significance for judging the environmental safety of drinking water source area and taking the corresponding secure measures.