| Environmental design, know as environmental art, is an applied art refers interior and exterior environment design & planning. As artificial environment, environmental art is crucial component of the whole environment system. It is not only the materialized environment but also the humanism environment. Environmental art can be divided into indoor and outside environment through the construction interface of living place, taking consideration of the relationship with man and the environment. From the view of human, environmental art can closely combine the local culture with the living place, to find out the symbol in materialized environment reflected and inherited from culture. The article adopts the environmental art approach to research the Lijiang dwelling house environment. Firstly, it summarizes the environmental art characteristics of Naxi dwelling house by analyzing the constituent elements from material and cultural. Secondly, through the relationship between material and cultural, explore the value of environmental art research Lijiang Naxi old town dwelling house.Through the literatures review, the research find out that currently the study of nation's environmental art still in the initial phase, the relevant research now more concentrated on the Naxi architecture characteristics, Lijiang historical protection, Naxi cultural characteristics, these articles are wrote from the historical, cultural, architectural, ethnic perspectives, the study of Naxi residential from construction technology and aesthetic aspects, research about Naxi residential environmental art is little. As a comprehensive discipline, environmental art provides a broader perspective, scientific basis and methods. The article adopt the environmental art approach to research the Lijiang dwelling house environment, breaking through the traditional study field limited by architecture and indoor environment, put the residential in the whole human ecosystem. It would enhance the harmonious development of artificial environment and nature environment. At the same time, we expect the study could provide a reference for theory and practice of Naxi dwelling house environment and national culture research, contribute to the protection of Lijiang old town's outlook and cultural heritage. The research method address the studies of constitute of environment space by literature review and field study, based on the natural and human environment, made a wide research in 32 protect dwelling houses of the old town, collected 1018 photographs. Through data analysis, pictures and records comparison, 10 dwelling houses are selected as the main sample, and deeply discussed in this paper. Through analysis the art characteristics of dwelling house environment, classification research of environmental space, decoration, color, culture of the old town dwelling house, compare with Han and Bai nationality dwelling house, we find out the following points:1.There several reasons about the formation of the residential environment of Naxi old town, including the historical reason: the life experience of migration; the long history of several ethnically mixed; the reason of the geography: a unique natural environment, located in the adjacent region of Sichuan, Yunnan and Tibet, the hotspot of tea-horse road; the reason of the culture: the idea of "man and nature are brothers" in Dongba culture; the ecological thinking as "the unity of heaven and mankind" and open-minded, inclusive national character. From the point of dwelling house history, the origin of dwelling house is "well pole type" timber house.2. The environment of dwelling house and Lijiang town is unified entity, whose style and features are the significant components to form the characteristics of the old town. As a national minority city with long history and natural appearance, the Lijiang old town differs from other ancient Chinese cities through holistic city planning, architecture, history and the culture of its traditional residents Naxi people. It is considered as the most complete and ethical ancient city in China. The unique overall situation of Lijiang old town generates distinct dwelling house style of Naxi people. The houses are fairly preserved with styles and features in Tang and Song Dynasty. The architecture concentrated the distillate of Naxi culture and periphery national culture, and has been praised as"the living fossils"by public. Designed based on practical conditions and traditional life habit from aspects of layout, structure and profile, the Naxi dwelling house has effectively combined historic building of central plains and excellent traditions from Bai and Tibeten houses. There is bold innovation development in the fields of building seismic resistance, sunshade, waterproof, ventilation and decoration, which has formed unique style.3. The characteristic of dwelling house environment art is the reflection with the philosophy of rich habitat, simple, and the imagination of Chinese painting.4. Environment is the mirror to reflect the culture. Naxi dwelling house environment art is a physical reflection of multi-culturally society. The history of the dwelling house developed with the developing of the nation feeling structure, nation behavior, art value and culture awareness. It rooted deeply over through in the whole culture development history. From environment art perspective, the ancient dwelling house hold high value in terms of ecosystem, history and culture protection.Lijiang is considered as the most complete and ethical ancient city in China, with rich heritages and unique culture, represent the history, ethnic customs, and the characteristics of social progress. The Lijiang old town was registered on the UNESCO World Heritage List in December 4, 1997.It is emphasize that the core value of research is to protect the traditional old town style by reserving the unique environment art of the Naxi dwelling house, a carrier carrying forward the immateriality cultural heritage of the folk culture and ethnic handicraft.
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