Study On Human Evacuation When The Railway Passenger Station Is On Fire

The scale of railway passenger station continues to expand, meanwhile the problem of emergency evacuation has become increasingly prominent. To be forward-looking from the security point of the railway passenger station design, lay out recommendations for the following safety management, we need grasp the process of evacuation, master the factors impact to evacuation speed, and identify the "bottleneck" of the evacuation. Therefore, studying the process of evacuation is of great importance.From analysising the features of large buildings in the fire evacuation, studying the characteristics of human psychological decision-making process, and other related issues, the railway passenger station evacuation model is established on the basis of the theory and methods of cellular automata. Combined with the characteristics of the passengers in case of fire situation, simulated the evacuation process. Main results are as follows:1. Analysis of the architecture style and fire characteristic of modern railway passenger stations. Combined with practical situation of fire control, we can summarize the problem in designing and managing safety evacuation.2. Considering the features of human evacuation and the factors that will influent to human decision, a model that based on celluar automata is established.3. On the base of the model in this paper, an application software is developed. By using it, we can have an immediate view of human position in each time step and the trend of evacuation.4. By adjusting the coefficient before each factor, we can simulate the process under different conditions. And search the rule of movement under variety of main factors.5. After contrasting some different kinds of exit locations, we can conclude from this when the exit location is not probable, it wil prolong the evacuation time.6. Improving the model of conformity psychology. Conformity psychology will go against evacuation. Following others without decision will take more time to evacuate the dangerous place.7. The establishment of evacuation facilities for the analysis, obtained by comparing the evacuation time: the number of evacuation facilities must be reasonable.Simulation experiments showed that cellular automata theory can be used to establish the railway passenger station evacuation model. From the perspective ofmicro-movement process described in detail, and visual observation of the campaignstaff under fire, we are able to grasp the feature of personnal movement. Although themodel has something yet to be perfected, for the further study, it is a source ofreference.