| The ship maintainability directly affects the issue whether the ship can recover promptly from fault during its service period. The improvemment of ship maintainability plays a significant role in ensuring ship safety, reducing maintenance costs, increasing operating income and enhancing the competitiveness of the shipping companies. Therefore, scientific evaluation of the ship maintainability is necessary.In this paper, the ship maintainability is discussed. Firstly, the paper reviews the theoretical foundation and related literatures of ship maintainability, and then does a systematical analysis of the problems in the evaluation of ship maintainability and main influencing factors of ship maintainability. On this basis, taking complexity, uncertainty and dynamic of evaluation into account, the paper integrates and identifies the attributes which characterize and affect the maintainability reasonably to design a evaluation system of ship maintainability including the design, support, use, maintenance, personnel five class indexes, which is not only the criteria and basis for shipping companies'maintenance decision-making, but also used to measure the effect of corrective maintenance and the accomplishment of maintenance growth.For the evaluation methods, this paper separately puts forward Grey relation analysis and ERA to solve evaluation information fusion problem under certainty and uncertainty situations. Through comparative analysis, the evaluation model established by two methods is proved to be applicable. Grey relation analysis give the evaluation results when the specific situations in the maintenance operation is clear and defined, and ERA is used to solve the evaluation problem under more complex and ambiguous situation. Finally, for the maintenance growth, it brings forward the problems and improvement measure in the maintenance of shipping companies and provides references for strengthening the maintenance management and improving maintenance and support effectiveness.
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