The Research Of Mengdian Residential Street In Sanyuan County, Shaanxi Province

The civilian houses architecture is an important carrier for inheriting Chinese marvelous history and culture and for extending a long historical context. Chinese traditional civilian houses architecture, containing broad concepts of humanistic view, spiritual feelings, values and aesthetic ideals, has occupied a very important position in our country, even in the world's architectural history.The civilian houses architecture in Shaanxi Guanzhong district, under the influence of the deep psychological structure of "business complementary with Confucianism ", has formed a living environment where the construction and decoration are appreciated in terms of the style and also the harmonious unity is achieved between man and nature. It is unique with its distinctive characteristics among many types of traditional houses in China. The Mengdian traditional houses, located in Sanyuan County, Shaanxi Province, are typical examples of Ming and Qing civilian traditional architecture. Overall layout of the house has the feature of having a central axis, symmetrical structure, parallel halls and deep courtyards, etc. Conventional Guanzhong area residential practice is more applied to the spatial organization of the courtyard and the architecture monomer form, particularly in the construction of the sculpture, showing skilled and exquisite craftsmanship and containing rich cultural heritage. The "three birds" art by traditional Chinese auspicious decoration theme around all corners of the house typically reflects people's desire of a happy and rich life in traditional agricultural economy of the society, which is the perfect carrier for the great traditional Chinese folk art. The techniques and decorative styles with Chinese characteristics fuses with all the relevant aspects of traditional Guanzhong culture and shapes the feature of Guanzhong architecture which has exerted a far-reaching impact on modern architecture of China and had a great value for historical researches. This paper is related to historical heritage conservation of the traditional Guanzhong civilian houses. It has Mengdian traditional houses in Sanyuan County, Shaanxi Province as the main subject, based on the geographical basis of architectural theory and with related residential construction, residential and cultural books as its reference. Through a fieldwork research of the Mengdian traditional houses and by studying the residential culture, the architecture features and the form of folk culture in residential houses, the paper attempts to discuss the status and problems of the protection of historical relics in Mengdian civilian houses architecture and the traditional civilian houses architecture. Based on this point, the paper explores the protection method and development pattern for Mengdian civilian houses architecture in order to preserve its precious value.