Gis-based Study On Optimization Of The Distribution Of Urban Fire Station In The Old City Zone

City fire station is an important urban public infrastructure facilities and provide security for the normal operation of the various functions in cities. At present, most cities especially the old city zones are in the prevalence of the problem that fire and rescue forces are inadequate or the layouts are unreasonable. The problem of how to consider sufficiently under the circumstance of taking full account of the old city zone fire demand characteristics and makes the fire station layout more reasonable during the update process of the cities, so that it can act in a better way to enhance the performance of city fire safety and security while avoiding the construction of urban fire-fighting system into the non-economy ,yet are still lack of good planning and layout optimization methods and effective assessment tools. City fire station planning and layout of the traditional methods are lack of quantitative data support, but combining of geographical information system (GIS) and Location-Allocation Model have a good performance in urban public service facility layout optimization through a large number of factors affecting the layout of public service facilities of the excavation. Based on the regional fire risk assessment method, this paper studies the fire station layout optimization problem by combining GIS-related models, and explores new ideas and methods that make city can have tended to optimize the layout of the old city zone fire station planning.In this paper, Yuhu district, Xiangtan city, Hunan province as an example, case studies, by analyzing the characteristics of fire safety requirements of this region, using GIS with location-allocation model for the region to optimize the spatial layout of the fire station, arrive at the best spatial distribution of the city fire station, then optimize the evaluation of results by using of relevant and accessible indicators.Finally, this paper from perspective of the urban planning, points out improving the layout of city fire station should pay attention to infrastructure, the status quo, road structure, and several other issues in addition to Facility Location Optimization of functional areas inside the city .The conclusion of the study, by extension, similar to that find the best position to point a series of service facilities in the cities with the space location problems can put forward in this study and the methods of using GIS technology combined with the relevant location optimization model, which may draw a more scientific and reasonable layout program.